Vertical boiler

Vertical boiler

Waste-to-Energy in Asia

Published in Efstratios N. Kalogirou, Waste-to-Energy Technologies and Global Applications, 2017

Main technical detailsAir-cooled moving gratesOne line 660 tpdEnergy recovery: four-pass vertical boilerNet calorific value: 6.9 MJ/KgThermal capacity: 1 × 48 MWSteam: 1 × 63 t/h (46 bar, 410°C)Gross Power: 11.5 MWeConstructor: Hitachi Zosen Innova

Utilisation of solar energy for essential oil extraction: an overview

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Journal Information

Published in International Journal of Ambient Energy, 2023

Rinju Lukose, S. R. Kalbande, Jacob John

Afzal et al. (2017) developed a hybrid solar distillation unit for the extraction of essential oil which consisted of heat sources such as a 10 m2 Scheffler concentrator and a biomass boiler. The schematic diagram of the equipment with associated components is illustrated in Figures 11 and 12. To ensure steady functioning, the biomass firetube vertical boiler was coupled with a steam receiver, which has circular plates of 0.35 m diameter. The thermal energy required to extract essential oils using a solar distillation system from eucalyptus and peppermint leaves was 2.32 and 2.54 kWh, respectively. Whereas in the case of the biomass distillation system, the thermal energy was 11.42 kWh to obtain volatile oil from Pinus and a yield of 0.31% was obtained using of thermal energy. Afzal et al. (2021) have used Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) technique to examine the pattern of steam flow as well as temperature distribution in the solar distillation system. The results depicted that the extraction efficiency can be maximised by maintaining homogeneity in the pattern of steam flow.

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Waste-to-Energy in Asia

Utilisation of solar energy for essential oil extraction: an overview