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The Seven Habits of Highly Ineffective Researchers
Published in David S. Sholl, Success and Creativity in Scientific Research, 2021
The questions I just listed can help synthesize the ideas you have heard or read into a form you might remember. There is one more question to ponder that directly addresses the concept of creativity as “just connecting things”: is there an analogy between this work and my own research? At first, the idea of finding these analogies can feel strained and perhaps even impossible. With repeated practice, however, the simple question can become a catalyst for new ideas. I once spoke on this topic to a group of engineering PhD students and decided to spice up my talk with a competition. I introduced the group to the musical concept of a hemiola, a rhythm in which a group of six notes can be heard either as two groups of three or as three groups of two,2 and offered a modest cash prize for the best analogy that could be drawn between this idea and an engineering concept. (Can you devise a solution to this challenge?) The blank looks on the audiences’ faces made me worry that my example would fall flat, especially since I couldn’t think of any analogies that fit the bill myself. To my delight, the students came up with multiple suggestions, including the six-stroke engine, a design that extends the common four-stroke internal combustion engine cycle with pistons that take three strokes in place of two. I am not claiming that the six-stroke cycle was invented on the basis of inspiration from classical music theory. Nevertheless, it is interesting to realize that once the hemiola/combustion engine analogy has been conceived, it seems in retrospect almost natural to explore extensions of the four-cycle engine to other “rhythms”. We will come back to the challenge of using ideas you see elsewhere to generate new approaches in your own work in Chapter 4.
Investigation of the effects of exhaust and power loss in dual-fuel six-stroke engine with EGR technology
Published in International Journal of Ambient Energy, 2020
The engine is a Double cylindered with V-type piston arrangement. The increased efficiency is achieved by using the energy of the exhaust gases to power an additional power stroke in the cylinder, which is used for supplying compressed air to the main cylinder (Vinoth kanna and Pinky 2018). Thus, unlike any other former six-stroke engine design, the engine has two power strokes during the entire six-stroke cycle.
A practical approach-based technical review on effective utilization of exhaust waste heat from combustion engines
Published in Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 2023
Rajesh Ravi, Oumaima Douadi, Manoranjitham Ezhilchandran, Mustapha Faqir, Elhachmi Essadiqi, Merouan Belkasmi, Shivaprasad K. Vijayalakshmi
Among the WHR methods discussed above, each method serves a specific purpose and exhibits different levels of efficiency and applicability. Stirling cycle is a well-established technology that is popular for its high efficiency and reliability, thus making it a suitable choice for various applications. Though Thermo-Photovoltaic Generation holds a high potential in terms of high efficiency, it currently faces challenges in terms of conversion efficiency and cost, thus limiting its practical implementation. On the other hand, Mechanical Turbo-Compounding recovers the waste heat using a turbocharger, thus improving the overall engine efficiency by reusing the lost energy. “Refrigeration Purpose” utilizes the waste heat to supply power to the absorption refrigeration systems, thus providing cooling in diverse applications. “Power Generation Purpose” focuses on converting the waste heat into electricity and offers a versatile approach toward the utilization of waste energy. “Heating Purpose” employs waste heat for space heating or water heating, thus contributing toward energy savings and reducing the environmental impact. The exhaust gas recirculation process aims at reducing the harmful emissions by redirecting the exhaust gases back into the engine combustion process (Revesz et al. 2019). The Six-Stroke Engine with Engine Exhaust is a novel technique that uses additional expansion and exhaust strokes to boost efficiency and minimize pollution. The thermoelectric generators convert the waste heat directly into electricity by offering simplicity and durability. Finally, the Organic Rankine Cycle is a widely used technology for waste heat recovery (Nematollahi et al. 2020), especially in industrial applications, as it can efficiently convert the low-temperature waste heat into useful power (Aladayleh and Alahmer 2015). When it comes to determining the superiority of a particular method, it depends on specific application requirements (Sprouse III and Depcik 2012), cost considerations, and the desired level of energy efficiency (Macchi and Astolfi 2016).