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Baseload and How to Improve It
Published in Stan Harbuck, Donna Harbuck, Residential Energy Auditing and Improvement, 2021
The older a refrigerator is, the more likely that it will be replaced. If the gaskets are worn on the door, it will make the refrigerator run more often and use more energy. Check to see how efficient the insulation is by pushing on the door when it is closed. If the front face of the door can be easily pushed in, it is very likely to be fiberglass and therefore less efficient. However, if pushing on the front face of the door is not easy and it seems more firm, is very likely to be a solid foam and therefore more efficient. Another strong indicator for efficiency is the color of the refrigerator. If it is an avocado green, harvest gold, or a Coppertone brown, then it is very likely that replacement would be cost-effective. Those colors were popular before the current efficiency guidelines were established. Round-edged refrigerators are even older.
Case Studies of Parametric Accelerated Life Testing
Published in Seong-woo Woo, Design of Mechanical Systems Based on Statistics, 2021
A reciprocating compressor is a positive-displacement machine that uses a piston to compress a gas and deliver it at high pressure through a slider-crank mechanism. A refrigerator system, which operates using the basic principles of thermodynamics, consists of a compressor, a condenser, a capillary tube, and an evaporator. The vapor compression refrigeration cycle receives work from the compressor and transfers heat from the evaporator to the condenser. The main function of the refrigerator is to provide cold air from the evaporator to the freezer and refrigerator compartments. Consequently, it keeps the stored food fresh.
Refrigeration Lubricants
Published in Leslie R. Rudnick, Synthetics, Mineral Oils, and Bio-Based Lubricants, 2020
Mark R. Baker, Michael G. Foster
Domestic refrigerators relied heavily on CFC refrigerants and were the first area to convert to HFCs. This sector covers the domestic refrigerator and freezer market (appliance) and has very exacting requirements for compressor lubricants. Refrigerators are designed to last 15–20 years, making system reliability of paramount importance. The compressor lubricant impacts not only compressor durability and wear but also noise, energy efficiency, and heat transfer. In the appliance sector, approvals by compressor manufacturers and cabinet manufacturers demand extensive testing. It is worth pointing out that only the compressor manufacturer and white goods producer consume lubricants. There is little to no aftermarket requirement for the appliance sector. Worldwide, over 100 million refrigerators are manufactured by this sector.
A novel approach to tube design via von Mises probability distribution
Published in Engineering Optimization, 2022
Atacan Oral, Omer Subasi, Caglar Ozturk, Ismail Lazoglu, Şehmuz Ali Subay
The discharge tube in reciprocating compressors is the component that transfers the compressed gas from the reservoir to the refrigeration system. The tube also connects the compressor body to the housing shell, and its secondary function is to dampen the vibrations while preventing impact with the shell during both operation and product transportation (Seidel and Bernhard 1986). It is a critical structural part that must last for the lifetime of a commercial refrigerator, which is typically over a decade (Aprea, Greco, and Maiorino 2012). The performance of a discharge tube must be considered from the perspective of mechanical, fluidic, thermal and vibratory properties, which makes the combined design optimization a challenging task.
Numerical and experimental investigation of liquid blowing agent and pentane blowing agent effects on the insulation of a household refrigerator
Published in Science and Technology for the Built Environment, 2021
Gizem Duru, Dilek Kumlutaş, Hasan Avci, Utku Alp Yücekaya, Özgün Özer
An effective way to improve refrigerator efficiency is to enhance its insulation. Polyurethane (PU) is the most common foam material used for refrigerator thermal insulation. Increasing the polyurethane thickness to reduce thermal losses is a trivial but limited solution because it reduces the refrigerator's internal volume since the refrigerator's external sizes are standard to fit kitchens designs. For this reason, studies focused on the blowing agents, which are one of the most significant factors affecting the heat transfer coefficient of polyurethane.
Performance evaluation of a laboratory-scale cooling system as a household refrigerator with phase change materials
Published in Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 2022
Cooling systems are mainly responsible for a huge amount of total global energy consumption due to their widespread applications and continuous operations. They are utilized not only industrially but also in domestic usage. All households have at least one domestic appliance for preserving sensitive food products at proper temperature values. A household refrigerator/freezer is liable for 15–20% of the total domestic electricity consumption (Liu, Chang, and Lin 2004). The energy consumption of refrigerators is related to lots of parameters such as the ambient and the set-point temperatures, the system components’ efficiency, the refrigerant type, the number of door openings, etc. (Marques et al. 2014). This set of parameters makes the refrigerators’ energy consumption minimization a complicated subject. The aim of the relevant studies can be classified into four main groups: the improvement of thermal insulation, the increase of heat transfers from heat exchangers, the circulation improvement, and the enhancement of compressor efficiency (Cheng et al. 2011). Most of the studies have focused on the last category since 80% of the total energy consumption belongs to the compressor of refrigerators (Marques et al. 2013). In domestic refrigerators, hermetically sealed reciprocating on/off compressors are favored due to their low cost and noise generation, besides their efficiency and reliability (American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air Conditioning Engineers American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) 2010). The low energy consumption of these compressor types could be achieved by decreasing the compressor cycle frequency. It is well-known that an important technique to reduce the compressor cycle frequency is the integration of Phase Change Materials (PCMs) into the system components or the cabinets. PCMs are also called latent heat thermal energy storage (TES), because they can absorb or release latent heat during their phase change. Therefore, the PCM integration results in less energy consumption than the case without PCM.