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Renewable Resource Distributed Generators
Published in H. Lee Willis, Walter G. Scott, Distributed Power Generation, 2018
H. Lee Willis, Walter G. Scott
A Stirling-cycle engine is a reciprocating piston engine driven by an external heat source, unlike gasoline and diesel engines, which are internal combustion engines. Somewhat like a steam engine, a Stirling-cycle engine uses a closed gaseous expansion system to convert heat to mechanical power. The Stirling cycle is similar to that of a two-cycle gasoline engine, with a “power cycle” on every revolution. Traditionally developed and applied as an external combustion engine (a boilerless coal or wood-fired engine), most Stirling engines used air as their operating fluid.7Figure 9.7 shows a very simplified conceptual illustration of a Stirling cycle. To understand the Stirling-cycle function from this diagram, the reader must bear in mind that: a) air heats when compressed and cools when it expands; b) gas is compressible and mechanical parts aren’t; c) a very large flywheel provides “stored energy” to get the engine through each cycle of operation.
Theoretical engine cycles
Published in Allan Bonnick, Automotive Science and Mathematics, 2008
The Stirling engine operates by external combustion. The air in the hermetically sealed engine cylinder is heated by means of a heat exchanger known as a regenerator, as opposed to fuel being burned in the cylinder. The original Stirling engine was designed by the Revd Stirling in 1845. Stirling hot-air engines were used in some industrial applications and domestic appliances, but have dropped out of use because steam engines have proven to be more effective. In the twentieth century, several manufacturers worked on the development of Stirling engines for use in motor vehicles because they should ideally produce fewer harmful emissions and have a higher thermal efficiency compared with conventional engines.
Biomass Conversion Process for Energy Recovery
Published in D. Yogi Goswami, Frank Kreith, Energy Conversion, 2017
Mark M. Wright, Robert C. Brown
The Stirling cycle employs heat from an external combustion engine to raise the temperature of an internal fluid undergoing a thermodynamic cycle [14]. The internal fluid never comes in contact with the combustion fuel, which lowers maintenance costs and pollution emissions. This arrangement also increases the tolerance to contaminants, which makes this cycle attractive for use with “dirty” fuels.
Numerical prediction of performance of a low-temperature-differential gamma-type Stirling engine
Published in Numerical Heat Transfer, Part A: Applications, 2018
Chin-Hsiang Cheng, Quynh-Trang Le, Jhen-Syuan Huang
Stirling engines that were invented by Robert Stirling in 1816 are a type of external combustion engines. Based on according to arrangement, the number of cylinders, and the number of piston and displacer in each engine, traditional Stirling engines can be classified into three typical types including the alpha-type, beta-type, and gamma-type. These engines can be operated under a low-temperature difference between heat source and sink, and with flexible and diverse heat sources such as geothermal energy, solar energy, and industrial waste resources [1]. Besides, simple construction, quiet, high efficiency, and safe operation are merits of Stirling engines. As a result, Stirling engines are a potential candidate to attenuate the global warming and reduce dependence of human being on fossil energy. Among three types of Stirling engine, gamma-type Stirling engines are the most common configurations to exploit low-temperature heat sources.
Enhancing and multi-objective optimising of the performance of Stirling engine using third-order thermodynamic analysis
Published in International Journal of Ambient Energy, 2018
Mazdak Hooshang, Somayeh Toghyani, Alibakhsh Kasaeian, Reza Askari Moghadam, Mohammad Hossein Ahmadi
Stirling engine is a kind of an external combustion engine that produces mechanical or electrical output power, by receiving and rejecting heat (Batmaz and Üstün 2008; Timoumi, Tlili, and Nasrallah 2007; Timoumi et al., ‘Design and Performance Optimization’ 2008, ‘Performance Optimization of Stirling’ 2008; Tlili 2012a; Tlili et al., ‘Analysis and Design Consideration’ 2008, ‘Thermodynamic Analysis of the Stirling Heat Engine’ 2008; Ahmadi, Ahmadi, and Dehghani 2013). At higher temperatures, heat enters in the engine and a section of its exergy turns into mechanical or electrical output power while the remainder of the heat is rejected at lower temperatures. Stirling engine has two hot and cold chambers which are called as the expansion and the compression spaces in where the working fluid at relatively high pressure is placed. The fluctuating in the space of the two chambers causes receiving thermal energy from a heat source, creating mechanical output power and releasing heat in a thermal rejecter.