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Tribocorrosion in the Automotive Sector
Published in Jitendra Kumar Katiyar, Alessandro Ruggiero, T.V.V.L.N. Rao, J. Paulo Davim, Industrial Tribology, 2023
Pravesh Ravi, Jitendra Kumar Katiyar
Erosion corrosion is another form of corrosion, in which the metal deteriorates due to the relative motion between the corrosive fluid and the metal surface, as shown in Figure 13.2(5) [9]. The fluid may be multiphase flow i.e., liquid-gas phase or liquid-solid phase. The fluid flows at high velocity, which removes the passive layer of metal and accelerates the corrosion process. Erosion corrosion is one of the types of tribocorrosion, which is discussed elaborately in the next section.
Open-Circuit Metal Dissolution Processes
Published in Madhav Datta, Electrodissolution Processes, 2020
Erosion-corrosion is generally a non-Faradic acceleration in the rate of corrosion attack of metal due to the movement of corrosive fluid. For a given material, a critical fluid velocity must be exceeded for erosion-corrosion to take place. The presence of abrasives in the form of suspended solid particles in the moving fluid can further enhance erosion-corrosion. It is often localized at areas where water changes direction. The morphology of surfaces affected by erosion-corrosion may be in the form of shallow pits or horseshoes or other local phenomena related to the flow direction. In a system susceptible to pitting corrosion, a combination of erosion and corrosion can lead to extremely high pitting. Erosion-corrosion is most prevalent in soft alloys such as copper, aluminum, and lead alloys. Materials selection and operating conditions play an important role in the management of erosion-corrosion. Harder materials are more prone to erosion-corrosion. Design parameters that minimize erosion-corrosion in a system include reduction of fluid velocity, increased pipe diameter, and prevention of burrs. Figure 1.1b is an example of erosion-corrosion case study where a leakage was encountered in the 90° elbow in a pipe system of a geothermal production facility after 2 weeks in service. According to design specifications, the elbow was made of carbons steel [6].
Introduction to Corrosion
Published in S.K. Dhawan, Hema Bhandari, Gazala Ruhi, Brij Mohan Singh Bisht, Pradeep Sambyal, Corrosion Preventive Materials and Corrosion Testing, 2020
S.K. Dhawan, Hema Bhandari, Gazala Ruhi, Brij Mohan Singh Bisht, Pradeep Sambyal
Erosion corrosion is a combined effect of corrosion or erosion which occurred due to the relative movement between a fluid and metal substrate surface. This type of corrosion mainly occurs in the pipeline, the main reason for deterioration is turbulence of the fluid. The rate of erosion corrosion depends upon velocity and the physical condition of the fluid. The combined effect of corrosion and erosion leads to aggressive pitting in the substrate. High shear stress is commonly observed in this type of corrosion. The presence of abrasive particles in the fluid causes the depletion of the outer layer because of the relative movement of the solid with respect to the surface. Cavitation is a special case of erosion corrosion that is caused by the collapse of vapor bubbles in liquid contacting a metal surface.
A comprehensive analysis of the erosion in a carbon steel boiler tube elbow through the use of 3D mapping of the corroded surface and CFD modeling
Published in Mechanics of Advanced Materials and Structures, 2023
Nikolay Bukharin, M.A. Farrokhzad, Mouhammad El Hassan
Erosion, also known as erosion-corrosion, is a phenomenon that refers to the combined degradation of metal surfaces due to the interaction of corrosive fluids in motion and solid particles that cause abrasive wear. This process occurs when moving fluids containing undissolved solid particles act on the surface of metals, leading to their erosion. Erosion in pipes can also be associated with cavitation, which further increases the damage of the metal surface [1–3]. Typically, the high velocity of the fluid containing hard particles induces mechanical wear and abrasion effects, leading to a rapid decay of the metallic surfaces. Additionally, this form of erosion-corrosion effect can be caused by turbulent flow regime at localized site, often due to disruption in the steady flow pattern, such as a flow-directional change at a bend or a mechanical obstacle in a pipe. The complex phenomenon of erosion-corrosion in steels impacts multiple industrial sectors, including but not limited to water injection systems, boilers, oil and gas pipelines, the nuclear power generation sector, slurry transportation (hydrotransport), etc [4–8].
Erosion under turbulent flow: a CFD-based simulation of near-wall turbulent impacts with experimental validation
Published in Engineering Applications of Computational Fluid Mechanics, 2022
Ariel Espinoza-Jara, Magdalena Walczak, Nicolas Molina, Wolfram Jahn, Wernher Brevis
Engineering systems associated with fluid-solid multiphase flows, or slurry flows, are present in many industrial systems featuring hydraulic mechanical machinery, such as mining pipelines, turbines, and pumps (Calderón-Hernández et al., 2020; Liu et al., 2019). In these systems, wear degradation of the affected materials is produced by the synergistic effect of the flow with corrosion, commonly referred to as erosion-corrosion (Aguirre & Walczak, 2017; Burson-Thomas & Wood, 2017; Gnanavelu et al., 2009). Despite the certainty regarding the economic risks associated with slurry flow, the current understanding of the involved degradation mechanisms is insufficient to provide an accurate prediction of wear rate by a model that would be applicable (Kuruvila et al., 2018). The comprehension of erosion-corrosion involves a full description of the interactions between the electrochemical and mechanical phenomena on the surface that are strongly related to turbulent flow. Whereas the electrochemical aspects are relatively well understood, a comprehensive description of the particles’ impact conditions is missing. Considering that the global damage originates from the sum of individual impacts, the understanding of which particle impacts contribute efficiently to the damage is fundamental, especially in a turbulent flow. In this research, we focus on pure erosion, i.e. independent of corrosion, by not considering the electrochemical effects, to understand the near-wall turbulent structure’s behavior. For this, we develop a validation methodology applicable to the study of erosion-corrosion or other engineering problems related with fluid structure interaction in the future.
Parametric study of aluminium alloy fouling in marine environment using RSM technique
Published in Tribology - Materials, Surfaces & Interfaces, 2020
M. Lavanya, Padmalatha Rao, V. Ramachandra Murthy, Subbalaxmi Selvaraj
Among the significant factors affecting scaling and fouling temperature is one. Over a wide temperature range experienced by various systems solubility of salts and crystal formation may vary widely. It may have a negative or a positive effect on fouling propensity in relation with the solubility of individual salts. An adverse correlation of solubility with temperature may also exist which is typical for alkaline salts, depending on the breaking down of water molecule into hydrogen and hydroxide in order to form scale; such dissociation is known to intensify at higher temperatures [23]. Corrosion fouling is a part of composite fouling. Fluid motion causes wear of the metal and results in erosion corrosion.