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Pastes, Waxes and Tribosystems
Published in Heinz P. Bloch, Kenneth E. Bannister, Practical Lubrication for Industrial Facilities, 2020
Heinz P. Bloch, Kenneth E. Bannister
As summarized in Table 9-9, dry lubricants for tribo-systems can be applied in various ways, such as immersion, spraying, tumbling or electrostatic coating. The surface to be coated must be treated as follows before applying the lubricant:
A review on sustainable alternatives for conventional cutting fluid applications for improved machinability
Published in Machining Science and Technology, 2023
D. J. Hiran Gabriel, M. Parthiban, I. Kantharaj, N. Beemkumar
Several researchers and scholars in their investigation of the application of cutting fluid during the metal cutting process stated the hazardous effect of cutting fluid on the environment due to its liquid state. The liquid state of the metalworking fluid makes the chips damp and hence should be dried before recycling. In addition to wet chips, the work floor also gets untidy with the cutting fluid application (Kishore et al., 2022; Kumar et al., 2022). Hence, there is a need for a lubricant that is not easily miscible with the environment as well as provides enough lubrication between the interacting metal and cutting tool surfaces. Dry lubricants, or solid lubricants, are materials that are in a solid-state but are still capable of reducing friction between the two interacting surfaces. These solid lubricants are mostly available in powder form and are often mixed with additives to enhance their lubricating properties. The commonly employed solid lubricants are graphite, molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), tungsten disulfide, (WS2), boron nitride, and PTFE (Polytetrafluoroethylene). These materials do provide the necessary lubrication over a wide range of temperatures (Tiwari et al., 2019).
Optimization of the lubricating oil inventory policy applied in a mining company
Published in International Journal of Mining, Reclamation and Environment, 2021
Sena Senses, Onur Golbasi, Ismail S. Bakal
Lubrication is the process of control of friction, heat transfer caused by abrasion, wear and tear between moving surfaces in contact to ensure that the large machinery and heavy-duty equipment can perform adequately. The supporting substances that provide better performance with a longer life are the lubricants. They can address various industrial machinery issues, so they are critical for the machinery industry’s progression. There are four main types of industrial lubricants, which are fluid lubricants (oils), semi-solid lubricants (greases), solid lubricants (dry lubricants), and synthetic lubricants (pastes). The most common types of industrial lubricants are oils and greases. Oil lubricants are mostly used in moving parts such as hinges, bearings, tool maintenance, and sharpening blades, or hydraulic mechanisms such as brakes, excavators, and pumps. On the other hand, greases can be used when lubricants are required to stick to surfaces for a long time and stay put. They can also be used as barriers to protect the parts from extreme heat, rust, and corrosion by sealing out the containments such as water and dust. They are generally used in gears, bearings, chains, and linkages. An improper lubrication inventory policy and lubrication application schedule in a machine-intensive sector, such as mining, may cause catastrophic issues in working systems’ functionality, resulting in a massive production loss.