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Mechanical principles of dynamic engineering systems
Published in Alan Darbyshire, Charles Gibson, Mechanical Engineering, 2023
Alan Darbyshire, Charles Gibson
In its simplest form a centrifugal clutch consists of a drive shaft to which are attached two or more spring loaded masses. These are lined with a friction material on their outer surfaces and rotate inside a drum which is fixed to the output shaft (see Figure 2.26).
Power Transmission, Brakes and Cooling Systems
Published in Iqbal Husain, Electric and Hybrid Vehicles, 2021
The type of clutch used to link the transmission with the engine in a vehicle is known as friction clutch. The clutching action brings the rotational speed of one disk to that of the other disk. The clutching action can be brought about by electrical, pneumatic or hydraulic action in addition to mechanical means discussed here.
Automotive Clutches
Published in G. K. Awari, V. S. Kumbhar, R. B. Tirpude, Automotive Systems, 2021
G. K. Awari, V. S. Kumbhar, R. B. Tirpude
Clutches can be classified as follows: Positive contact clutches, e.g. square jaw and spiral jaw clutchesProgressive engagement or friction clutches, e.g. single-plate, multi-plate, cone, centrifugal clutchesElectromagnetic clutches, e.g. magnetic hysteresis clutches and eddy current clutchesFluid clutches and couplings, e.g. fluid flywheel clutch
A novel technique and detailed study of concepts of low-cost hybrid vehicle design
Published in International Journal of Ambient Energy, 2021
During STOP & GO condition, the demanding torque is supplied by the electric motor and the engine is in in-active condition. So, the vehicle is driven in pure electric mode. The transmission has a specially designed clutch/coupling to get disconnected from engine flywheel in pure electric mode operation.During POWER ASSIST condition, the demanding torque of 30% is supplied by motor and 70% is supplied by the engine. So, the vehicle is driven by both engine and motor. Since, motor assists driving, the engine can operate at optimum efficiency (refer Figure 9).During deceleration or braking, the motor acts as generator by changing poles. By this way all kinetic energy from vehicle movement can be recuperated and stored as electrical energy in the battery. This is called as REGENERATIVE BRAKING.In this design, the torque can be multiplied from lower to higher range depending on the selected gear ratio in transmission. So, basically motor torque is amplified by transmission gear ratios.
Worst-case relative cost optimal control for dynamic systems with finite admissible disturbance sequence sets
Published in International Journal of Control, 2021
The engine and the motor are installed on the same shaft, with a clutch in between. The following requirements need to be satisfied. If , .If , , and , where is the maximum absolute torque value for motor regenerative braking., where is the engine idle speed.
Mode switching analysis and control for a parallel hydraulic hybrid vehicle
Published in Vehicle System Dynamics, 2021
Shilei Zhou, Paul Walker, Yang Tian, Nong Zhang
The structure of the PHHV is shown in Figure 1 [2]. A hydraulic driving system is added on a traditional internal combustion engine powertrain. In the conventional engine powertrain, the engine output torque is transferred to wheels through the clutch, automated manual transmission (AMT), driveshaft, differential and halfshafts. The hydraulic driving system consists of a high-pressure accumulator, a low-pressure accumulator, a HPM and a control valve. Energy is stored in the high-pressure accumulator by compressing the inert gas. The swashplate in HPM is used to control the HPM working mode. The value of the HPM output torque is controlled through changing the swashplate angle. When the HPM works as a motor, the high-pressure oil flows from the high-pressure accumulator to the low-pressure accumulator and drives the driveshaft. Under braking conditions, the HPM switches to the pump mode. Oil is pumped from the low-pressure accumulator to the high-pressure accumulator so that the vehicle kinetic energy is recovered and stored in the high-pressure accumulator. To match the speeds of the HPM and vehicle drive shaft, an HPM gear is adopted. The HPM clutch is used to disengage the HPM from driveline under high vehicle speed to avoid the HPM overspeed.