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Crucible Materials
Published in Nagaiyar Krishnamurthy, Metal–Crucible Interactions, 2023
Chemically, BeO is one of the most stable materials. Potentially, beryllia crucibles are excellent containers for liquid metals. Thermal conductivity is relatively high, and for a material of good strength, this gives better thermal shock resistance than Al2O3. But, beryllia is toxic. Zircon has excellent refractoriness, good wear resistance, less wettability by molten metal and slag, and hence, good corrosion resistance. Addition of alumina to form a zircon–mullite composition leads to further enhancement in properties.
Crystal Chemistry and Specific Crystal Structures
Published in David W. Richerson, William E. Lee, Modern Ceramic Engineering, 2018
David W. Richerson, William E. Lee
The major importance of the ABX4 compositions is as ores for Ba, W, Zr, Th, Y, and the rare earths (lanthanide series: La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu). Barite (BaSO4) is a major source of barium, monazite (LnPO4)1 for the rare-earth elements, zircon (ZrSiO4) for the metal zirconium and the ceramic ZrO2, scheelite (CaWO4) and wolframite (Fe0.5Mn0.5WO4) for tungsten metal, and thorite (ThSiO4) for thorium. Zircon is also used for some ceramic applications because it has a low coefficient of thermal expansion. In addition, some [zircon] and [scheelite] compositions are fluorescent. The [zircon] composition YVO4 doped with Eu is a red phosphor once used for color television, and the [scheelite] composition, CaWO4, doped with Nd, is a laser host.
The eccentric vibratory mill – Innovation of finest grinding
Published in Gülhan Özbayoğlu, Çetin Hoşten, M. Ümit Atalay, Cahit Hiçyılmaz, A. İhsan Arol, Mineral Processing on the Verge of the 21st Century, 2017
Example 4 is an example from the field of high-tech ceramics. The source material is zircon oxide, which is comminuted in the Eccentric Vibratory Mill from 10 mm down to < 11 μm. Due to its high melting point (2700 °C) zircon oxide is used as a material for crucibles, for resistance heating elements and as solid matter electrolyte for fuel cells.
An investigation of Al2O3–ZrO2 ceramic composite-coated engine parts using plasma spray method on a diesel engine
Published in International Journal of Ambient Energy, 2020
Sevda Mert, Şenol Mert, Suat Sarıdemir
Thermal barrier coatings (TBC) have promising potential for many mechanical applications such as high temperature applications in automotive, aircraft and rocket engines (Zhang and Kobayashi 2005). Low-carbon steels generally tend to corrosion and wear (Liu et al. 2013; Sathish and Geetha 2015). For this reason, it is known that they are frequently exposed to corrosive and wear environments. One of the most common ways to protect steels from corrosion and wear is to make a protective coating on the steel surface (Liu et al. 2013). Ceramic coatings are widely used to protect steels against corrosion and wear (Sathish and Geetha 2015; Singh, Sil, and Jayaganthan 2010). Adhesion, micro hardness and wear resistance are some of the important features of thermally sprayed ceramic coatings (Ramachandran et al. 1997). Ceramic materials with high hardness, relatively low density, high thermal and corrosive resistance provide more advantages than metallic and polymeric materials (Sun et al. 1997; Wang et al. 1999). Ceramic materials such as aluminium oxide, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, chromium oxide, silicon oxide and yttrium oxide are commonly used as surface coating materials to increase resistance to wear, erosion, cavitation, friction and corrosion (Wang et al. 1999). Among all ceramics, alumina (Al2O3) and zirconia (ZrO2) were preferred because they have exhibited superior hardness, good chemical stability, excellent corrosion and wear resistance (Ramachandran et al. 1997; Sathish and Geetha 2015). Zircon coatings are the most promising coatings because they perform well in terms of thermal resistance, chemical stagnation, thermal stability and corrosion resistance (Zhang and Kobayashi 2005).
Risk assessment of radioactive hazards associated with black sand upgrading processes
Published in Applied Earth Science, 2023
Tamer G. Mohamed, Mostafa Hassan, Mohamed A. Ismail, Ayman A. El-Midany, Moamen G. El-Samrah
Magnetite, ilmenite, rutile, and zircon not only represent more than 75% of the black sand components but also have the most significant economic feasibility (Khedr et al. 2023). For instance, Rutile and Ilmenite are the main sources of titanium dioxide that have different applications in pigments, papers, plastics, and titanium alloys. Whereas zircon is usually used in the ceramics industry besides, it contains zirconium which is used in nuclear fuel rod manufacturing. Also, magnetite, which is an important iron ore, is widely used in the sponge iron industry and for oil pipe wrapping.
Gamma ray and fast neutron shielding of ZrSiO4-Al2O3 ceramic refractor
Published in Particulate Science and Technology, 2023
Mahmoud Gharieb, Sayed H. Kenawy, Gehan T. El-Bassyouni, Esmat M. A. Hamzawy
Zircon is a mineral (ZrSiO4), usually associated in sedimentary rock and is characterized by high hardness about 7.6 on the Mohs scale, durability and chemical inertness. Zircon exhibits low cost compared with Zr and ZrO2, similarly it equally affords a joint source in the preparation of the zirconium and corundum composite (El-Bassyouni, Mohamed, and Beherei 2012; Ban et al. 2020).