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Wearable/Implantable Devices for Monitoring Systems
Published in Manuel Cardona, Vijender Kumar Solanki, Cecilia E. García Cena, Internet of Medical Things, 2021
Wearable antennas are one of the key research areas of body-centric communications. These types of antennas must have low cost, be lightweight, have simple installation with almost zero maintenance. These types of antennas are useful for people of all age groups and occupations (such as firefighters, military personnel and paramedics) for monitoring purposes. Fabric-based antennas are mainly utilized for wearable applications. In the antenna configuration, the conductive textile elements like Flectron, Zelt and pure copper taffeta fabrics can be employed as the radiator; whereas non-conductive textile elements like fleece, felt and silk can be used as dielectric substrates. The relative permittivity values for these materials are not freely available and need to be measured. The different types of wearable antennas are described below.
Soil-Release Finishes
Published in Menachem Lewin, Stephen B. Sello, Handbook of Fiber Science and Technology: Chemical Processing of Fibers and Fabrics, 2018
Although naturally occurring soils are usually mixtures, the use of soil mixtures in laboratory soiling presents several problems, such as the analysis and quantitative interpretation of data and the reproducible preparation of the soil sample. Kissa [5] has shown that simple single- or double-component soils can represent complex soils in soil-resistance evaluation. Fabrics that differed in their construction (woven fabrics, knits, flannels, taffeta) and chemical composition (cotton, cotton-polyester blends, polyester, polyester with hydrophilic groups, acrylics, and nylon) were soiled in parallel experiments with different soils. Soiling values obtained with iron oxide correlated with those obtained with vacuum cleaner soil (Fig. 3.1). They also correlated with soiling values obtained with a soil mixture containing all components of the Florio-Mersereau soil, except for the oil component (Fig. 3.2, curve M). When the oil component was included, the plot exhibited scatter (Fig. 3.2, curve OM), indicating that an oily or fatty soil component affects the order in which the soilabilities of the fabrics rank. Fig. 3.2 shows also that adding oil to the soil mixture reduced soiling. At first sight, this appears surprising. An oil film on fibers increases soiling (oil binding) and oil increases the optical visibility of soil. However, oil on the surface of soil particles can have an opposite effect and decrease soiling [5]. Oil can cause soil particles to aggregate (Fig. 3.3). Unless the aggregates break down in the soiling process, they may be too large to be deposited effectively on the fibers.
Minas Gerais
Published in Ana Cristina Broega, Joana Cunha, Helder Carvalho, Manuel Blanco, Guillermo García-Badell, Diana Lucía Goméz-Chacón, Reverse Design, 2018
The most sophisticated fabric marketed in the store was the Galacê, or Glasé in Spanish and Glacé in French (D’ávila Corona et al., 2004). This textile genre was produced with silk thread, usually in taffeta ligament because it was the most suitable for the fine clothes of the nobles. The fabric was widely marketed in Vila Rica and most commonly in combinations of gold and crimson, gold and fire colour, silver with green, silver with blue, or silver with yellow. The Galacé was a high-cost fabric; one cubit of the genre was sold for 8,500 reis and was present in the attire of the highest classes of the 18th century Ouro Preto society.
Adhesion and protective properties of polyvinyl alcohol nanofibrous composite fabrics
Published in The Journal of The Textile Institute, 2018
Chuchu Zhao, Xin Zhang, Aiyun Jiang, Zhijuan Pan
After oxygen plasma treatment, the surface of habutae, polyester-taffeta, and nylon-taffeta formed nanoscale roughness. The peeling energy and peeling strength were enhanced with the increase in roughness value, then became fluctuate after a certain value. The similar morphology is of benefit to enhance the adhesion properties between substrate and nanofiber mat. The formation of hydrogen bond between alcoholic hydroxyl group of PVA nanofiber and acylamino of nylon-taffeta substrate could enhance the adhesion of PVA/nylon-taffeta. With 300 W plasma pre-treatment on the substrate for 3 min, the peeling strength and the peeling energy of PVA composite fabrics (except PVA/nylon-taffeta) reached the highest value, which increased to approximately two times compared to untreated one. The peeling energy of PVA/nylon-taffeta reached the highest value, when nylon-taffeta was pre-treated by plasma with power of 200 W for 3 min, which was increased to approximately three times compared to untreated one. Considering the adhesion properties of composite fabric and the plasma impair to substrate, the optimal parameter was plasma treatment of nylon taffeta substrate with power of 200 W for 3 min.