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Direct, Discharge and Resist Styles of Printing
Published in Asim Kumar Roy Choudhury, Principles of Textile Printing, 2023
Because of its inertness and hydrophobicity, polyester cannot be dyed or printed with conventional water-soluble dyes. Hence a new class of dye of low aqueous solubility called “disperse dye” was developed. Polyester fiber and disperse dyes are made for each other. Fixation of disperse dyes in polyester printing depends on the preand after-treatments, selection of dyes, thickeners and other auxiliaries, printing and fixation methods. Developments in all these directions were discussed by Roy Choudhury (1981b).
Resources and Sustainable Materials
Published in Stanley E. Manahan, Environmental Chemistry, 2022
Large quantities of recycled polyester plastics from bottles can be used to make carpets, fabrics, and other goods. The plastic is melted, extruded as thread, and woven into fabrics. The plastic used for bottled drinking water bottles, alone, in the United States requires around 175 million L of petroleum each year for their manufacture, generating almost 1.5 million metric tons per year of waste. Only approximately one in four of these plastic bottles is recycled.
Technical Textiles
Published in Asit Baran Samui, Smart Polymers, 2022
A.K. Sidharth, Junaid Parkar, Ravindra Kale, Ramanand Jagtap
People are spending more time in their cars, due to increased traffic density, greater mobility, and long-distance traveling. Car interiors are an important feature of the raised consumer expectations of car buyers and the car interior’s comfort is a priority reflected in their cost. Today, over 90% of car seat covers are made of polyester filament yarns (Figure 8.6). Apart from abrasion resistance and UV resistance, polyester also offers good tearing strength and ease of cleaning.
Modification of polyester fabrics with Zn2SnO4 nanorods for superior self-cleaning, UV-protection and antibacterial performance
Published in The Journal of The Textile Institute, 2023
Polyester (polyethylene terephthalate) is a versatile commercially polymer, which widely used in textile industry. Due to its high strength, high modulus, abrasion resistance, heat set stability, light fastness and chemical resistance, polyester is the main material for producing apparel, garments, and other finished textile goods. However, due to its poor wettability and lack of functional groups, durable functional finishing of polyester fabrics have become concerns of the textile industry. The alkaline treatment hydrolysis of the polyester fabric leads to enhance the hydrophilicity and surface reactivity (Youn & Hee Park, 2019; Musale & Shukla, 2017). Lack of research concerning the properties of treated polyester fabric with zinc stannate nanostructure has encouraged the researchers of this study to evaluate self-cleaning performance, antibacterial activity, UV blocking ability and cytotoxicity of coated polyester fabrics with Zn2SnO4 nanorods. Herein, synthesis of Zn2SnO4 nanorods and alkaline hydrolysis of the polyester fabric were conducted in one step by hydrothermal method. Also, the morphology and structure property of the prepared polyester fabrics were characterized by the SEM, EDS and XRD.
Through Plane Networked Graphene Oxide/Polyester Hybrid Thermal Interface Material for Heat Management Applications
Published in Nanoscale and Microscale Thermophysical Engineering, 2022
Textile substrates are flexible and soft and are suitable to fill the gap between the heat sink and heat-producing components. However, textile fibers mostly made up of cotton and polyester, are thermally insulating, making them unsuitable for the purpose. Coating textile-based materials with highly conductive materials such as graphene seem to be a promising method to make it conductive, as reported by many previous works [19, 20]. A summary of textile based TIM is given in Table 1. Concerns related to textile waste are also rising, which can be separated into two categories: pre-consumer waste and post-consumer waste. The pre-consumer waste is generally the cutting waste (leftover fabric after giving structure through cutting) from the garment industries, contributing to around 25% of textile waste [21]. Most of the post-consumer fabrics are recycled since the have a stable structure. Polyester is the most popular textile material, accounting for more than 80% of synthetic textiles with personal and industrial applications. Polyester is a non-biodegradable textile which causes a significant environmental burden [22, 23]. A thermal interface material combining the cutting waste of non-biodegradable polyester nonwoven fabrics with graphene oxide would be very beneficial from a sustainability point of view. These materials can be replaced and used repetitively, minimizing pre-consumer waste from the textile industry.
Product development, fashion buying and merchandising
Published in Textile Progress, 2022
Rachel Parker-Strak, Rosy Boardman, Liz Barnes, Stephen Doyle, Rachel Studd
An alternative to naturally-occurring raw materials is to use man-made materials. Man-made fibres can be created from regenerated fibre, petrochemicals or inorganic materials such as glass and some metals (Mazotto et al., 2021). Synthetic fibres are derived from monomers sourced from fossil oil feedstocks and make up 60% of the fibres on the market (Mazotto et al., 2021). Polyester is a particularly widely-used but unsustainable synthetic material that is derived from petrochemicals, thereby resulting in a high environmental impact because of its dependence on the extraction of fossil fuels-type raw materials. (Kirchain, Olivetti, Miller, & Greene, 2015). Most of the world’s clothing is made from polyester, with it overtaking cotton as the primary textile fibre of the 21st century (Dottle & Gu, 2022). The global market for polyester yarn is predicted to grow from US$106 billion in 2022 to US$174.7 billion by 2032, with annual polyester fibre production projected to exceed 92 million tonnes in the next 10 years–an increase of 47% (Dottle & Gu, 2022). Using recycled polyethylene terephthalate (PET) to create polyester is better for the environment, but many garments are still created using virgin polyester due to the growth in demand for polyester products and the limited amount of material generated worldwide from recycling (Kirchain et al., 2015).