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Control of Emissions from Stationary Sources
Published in Wayne T. Davis, Joshua S. Fu, Thad Godish, Air Quality, 2021
Wayne T. Davis, Joshua S. Fu, Thad Godish
Sorbents are characterized by their porosity, high surface area, and ability to collect different substances on their surfaces. Commonly used sorbents include activated carbon, silica gel, activated alumina, and zeolites.
Introduction to Oil Spills and their Clean-up
Published in Ozcan Konur, Petrodiesel Fuels, 2021
Suction hoses, pumps, vacuum trucks, and certain skimmers and sorbents are generally effective in removing excess oil from the surface, especially from ditches or low areas. The use of sorbents can complicate clean-up operations, however, as contaminated sorbents must be disposed of appropriately. Sorbents are best used to remove the final traces of oil from a water surface. Any removal of surface soil or vegetation also entails replanting.
Bio-Based Magnetic Metal-Organic Framework Nanocomposites
Published in Anish Khan, Mohammad Jawaid, Abdullah Mohammed Ahmed Asiri, Wei Ni, Mohammed Muzibur Rahman, Metal-Organic Framework Nanocomposites, 2020
Manickam Ramesh, Mayakrishnan Muthukrishnan
Sorbent is a substance that has the ability to collect or filter the materials through adsorption. Thus, a sorbent material can be used to absorb or adsorb solids, liquids, and even gases through attraction. Magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) is a useful technique to absorb the dispersed sorbents and extract them in the large sample volume using magnetic retrieval methods. MSPE is one of the effective techniques used in sample preparation to extract solid sorbents because of its simple procedure, effective pore size variability, enabling reusability of the sorbents, etc. [76,77]. Compared with conventional solid phase extraction methods MSPE overcomes the associated problems due to non-spherical and uneven pore size which result in high back pressures, sorbent packing, or packed bed clogging [78,79].
Taguchi optimization for water defluoridation by thermally treated biosorbent developed from the waste snail shells
Published in Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, 2023
Veera Brahmam Mukkanti, A. R. Tembhurkar
Recycling and reuse of the spent sorbent play a key role in reducing the preparation cost of new sorbent, which is important for commercial and large-scale applications.[60] The desorption methods such as Microwave-assisted regeneration, Microbial regeneration, Thermal regeneration, Ozonation, Chemical regeneration, Electrochemical oxidation, Ultrasonic regeneration, Supercritical fluids regeneration, Dielectric barrier discharge plasma regeneration, and Photo-assisted oxidation is used for regeneration of the spent adsorbents. However, chemical regeneration is a cost-effective technique employed sorbent regeneration.[61] Therefore, the recycling of the spent sorbent with 0.1 N NaOH was performed for the snail shell sorbent (Figure 9). The study confirms the reuse of the spent sorbent for up to 4 cycles. The slight reduction in removal efficiency after each cycle might be occurred due to a slight decrease in binding sites after each cycle.[62] The promising results obtained from the desorption study for the snail shell sorbent indicate the developed sorbent could be a viable option for water defluoridation.
Waste tire pyrolysis and desulfurization of tire pyrolytic oil (TPO) – A review
Published in Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, 2023
Moshe Mello, Hilary Rutto, Tumisang Seodigeng
Adsorptive desulfurization is another promising technique for the desulfurization of liquid hydrocarbons. There are numerous adsorbents available such as zeolite, alumina, zinc oxide, and activated carbon, for the adsorption of sulfur compounds (Lee, Kumar, and Krumpelt 2002; Serefentse et al. 2019). It is known that only a few special adsorbents are capable of efficiently removing complex sulfur compounds such as 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiophene (4,6-DMDBT) species from liquid hydrocarbon fuels (Kim et al. 2006). Activated carbon is the most widely used adsorbent for removing heavy metals and other organic/inorganic pollutants found in wastewater (Otieno et al. 2016). Properties of activated carbon that make it highly favorable in various industries include good porosity, high surface area, and high adsorption capacity (Demirbas et al. 2009; Otieno et al. 2017; Tao, Nakazato, and Sato 2009). The development of new sorbents for π-complexation has been exploited in recent years (Yang 2003). Commercialization of such sorbents have already been employed in numerous industries and they promise tremendous potential for future applications in separation and purification processes for both chemical and petrochemical industries. This is due to the suggestion that chemical complexation bonds are much stronger than those van der Waals and electrostatic forces, thus resulting in higher selectivity. Most hydrocarbon separation such as olefin/paraffin separation and purification employ solutions containing silver (Ag+) and cuprous (Cu+) ions (Takahashi et al. 2001; Takahashi, Yang, and Yang 2002)
Moisture transport during contact sorption drying of coal fines
Published in International Journal of Coal Preparation and Utilization, 2020
M. J. van Rensburg, M. Le Roux, Q. P. Campbell, E. S. Peters
Activated alumina is an inorganic solid that is manufactured from predominantly aluminum oxide, in combination with trace elements of silicon, iron (iii), and sodium oxides (BASF 2009). The sorbent is manufactured to have interconnected cavities containing water of hydration in its molecular structure. During the final manufacturing phase, the water of hydration is removed thermally from the molecular structure to create open sites, leading to its great affinity for water (Honeywell UOP 2011). Activated alumina is hydrophilic in nature, causing a small contact angle between the water and solid surface, resulting in the adsorption of water in liquid form. The sorbent material is also hygroscopic in nature, creating an additional affinity for water vapor from the atmosphere (Almatis 2017). These sorbents are produced with a tailor-made enhanced pore distribution and surface area to increase its sorption and retention capacity. An increased available surface area leads to an increased number of active sites where water can adhere to the sorbent surface. The sorbent beads used in this study were designed to have an average pore volume of 0.5, creating sufficient space for accumulation of water (BASF 2009). Activated alumina is largely chemically inert to many liquids and gases, causing it to maintain its solid structure during moisture adsorption and therfore enabling regeneration or dehydration (Ducreux and Nedez 2011).