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Highlights on Tl(1223)
Published in David A. Cardwell, David C. Larbalestier, Aleksander I. Braginski, Handbook of Superconductivity, 2023
An avalanche of research has focused on controlling the crystal structures, compositions, and properties of superconducting quantum materials in which quantum mechanical interactions lead to zero electrical resistance and a Meissner effect. High-performance, cost-competitive superconducting wires are required if superconductors are to affect the electrical power infrastructure—allowing, for example, the widespread establishment of lightweight, efficient, and compact wind turbines and electrical ships and aircraft to enhance the nation's energy security and to reduce carbon emissions.
Metal Oxide Nanostructures for Gas Sensing Applications
Published in Ankur Gupta, Mahesh Kumar, Rajeev Kumar Singh, Shantanu Bhattacharya, Gas Sensors, 2023
Anoop Mampazhasseri Divakaran, Kunal Mondal
Topological insulators (TIs) are new quantum materials with exotic metallic 2D surface states and a bandgap in the bulk. Topological protection of the surface states due to strong spin-orbit coupling is one of the intriguing features of these materials [60]. These novel features of these materials make them an important material for several applications. However, one of the major challenges in these materials is parallel bulk conductivity. Nanostructures can address this issue to a considerable limit due to the geometrical effect of high surface-to-volume ratio [61].
Phase-field model of topological charge interaction force in nematic liquid crystals
Published in Soft Materials, 2021
Deshan Liang, Xingqiao Ma, Houbing Huang
Topological materials including topological insulators,[1] and topological superconductors[2] show potential applications in future quantum materials. The topological charge is one of the most key feature of topological materials, such as the quantum Hall effects,[3] superconductor vortex,[4] handlebody-shaped particles,[5] half-skyrmions,[6] surface-treated microparticles,[7] micrometer-sized beads,[8] fibers dipped in liquid crystals (LCs),[9–11] and it has even been extended to cosmology and particle physics.[12,13] A spatial point around the loop integral can be called a charge of topological defect, where is the angle between the directions of the field at the beginning and ending points, topological charge represents numerical values which classify topological defects. The values of topological charges are usually positive/negative integers[14] or half-integers[15] depending on the nature of the corresponding physical fields.[16] In fact, the complex dynamics of topological charges include moving,[15] interacting,[17] generation and annihilation,[18,19] more interesting phenomena can be obtained in this process.