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Comfort Heating Systems/Saving Natural Resources
Published in Dale R. Patrick, Stephen W. Fardo, Ray E. Richardson, Brian W. Fardo, Energy Conservation Guidebook, 2020
Dale R. Patrick, Stephen W. Fardo, Ray E. Richardson, Brian W. Fardo
The load device of a resistance heating system is primarily responsible for the generation of heat energy. The amount of heat developed by the load is based upon the value of current that passes through the resistive element. Element resistance is purposely designed to be quite high when compared with the connecting wires of the system. An alloy of nickel and chromium called Nichrome is commonly used for the heating elements. Construction includes springlike coils, ribbon elements, and tubular rod elements to improve the heat transfer. Figure 4-27 shows the finned tubular rod element of an electric unit heater. A cutaway view of the unit heater in Figure 4-28 shows the location of the element in front of a circulating fan.
Heating Systems
Published in Dale R. Patrick, Stephen W. Fardo, Brian W. Fardo, Electrical Power Systems Technology, 2021
Dale R. Patrick, Stephen W. Fardo, Brian W. Fardo
The load device of a resistance heating system is primarily responsible for the generation of heat energy. The amount of heat developed by the load depends upon the value of current that passes through the resistive element. Element resistance is purposely designed to be quite high compared to that of the connecting wires of the system. An alloy of nickel and chromium called Nichrome is commonly used for the heating elements.
Heating Systems
Published in Stephen W. Fardo, Dale R. Patrick, Electrical Power Systems Technology, 2020
Stephen W. Fardo, Dale R. Patrick
The load device of a resistance heating system is primarily responsible for the generation of heat energy. The amount of heat developed by the load depends upon the value of current that passes through the resistive element. Element resistance is purposely designed to be quite high compared to that of the connecting wires of the system. An alloy of nickel and chromium called Nichrome is commonly used for the heating elements.
Enhancing sludge conditioning and dewatering characteristics by active surfaces modified with fast recombining immobilized nanoparticles
Published in Drying Technology, 2022
Nichrome (also known as Ni:Cr, nickel chromium) is a family of alloys of nickel, chromium, and commonly used as resistance wire, heating elements in electric devices like toasters and space heaters, in some dental restorations and in a few other applications.[27,28] Nichrome alloy is an effective and cheap engineering material used widely in many fields owing to its special properties such as corrosion-resistant, few crystal disfigurements, high mechanical strength, wide potential windows, and good stability.[29–30] In this study, multilayered Cr-TiO2:Ni-TiO2 nanoparticles were immobilized onto the inner surface of a quartz beaker to produce extra heat during the sludge treatment by the in situ – build up heterojunctions between Cr:Ni atoms. To the best of author’s knowledge, photocatalytic performance of immobilized Cr-Ni-TiO2 nanoparticles has not been reported yet. As mentioned above, use of photocatalysis technology in sludge conditioning, dewatering, drying, and stabilization is rare although it could be a promising technique.
Reduced-order modelling of thermoacoustic instabilities in a two-heater Rijke tube
Published in Combustion Theory and Modelling, 2020
Chandrachur Bhattacharya, Sudeepta Mondal, Asok Ray, Achintya Mukhopadhyay
The two Nichrome heaters are capable of handling high heating loads for a sufficiently long time without being oxidised at the high operating temperatures. The square-weave 40-mesh structure of each heater acts as an acoustically compact source of thermal energy and allows a uniform heating of air over a cross-section. Two copper rods are welded to the copper strips and are electrically shielded from the walls of the chamber. The copper tubes are connected to a programmable DC power supply. The length of the tube downstream of the heater is insulated to prevent heat loss from the walls allowing for maintaining the same initial and running conditions of different experimental runs. It also acts as a safety measure to prevent the operator from coming in contact with the hot metal walls.
Studies on Three-Dimensional Mixed Convection with Surface Radiation in a Rectangular Channel with Discrete Heat Sources
Published in Heat Transfer Engineering, 2019
Nitish Kumar Chaurasia, Sateesh Gedupudi, Shakkottai P. Venkateshan
Figure 2 shows the schematic diagram of the heat source. Rectangular blocks of dimension 10 × 7.5 × 1.72 mm3, made of aluminium, serve as heat sources. A cavity (within the heat source) of size 4 × 3.5 × 1 mm3 is made on the back surface of each heat source for placing the heater wires. Four holes (with internal threads) are provided at the corners of the heat sources for screwing these sources to the PCB. One more hole is provided at the rear in the middle for placing a thermocouple as shown in Figure 2. All six heat sources are made in the same way. A 80/20 coil-type nichrome wire (80% nickel and 20% chromium) is used as the heating element, and it is inserted into the cavity of each heat source wound with Teflon tape to avoid any metal-to-metal contact as shown in Figure 2. Temperatures of the heat sources are measured by placing the chromel–alumel K-type thermocouple in the holes provided at the rear of the heat sources as shown in Figure 2. The thermocouples are then connected to the data logger. The thermocouples were found to be accurate within 0.2°C.