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Bio-Nanoparticles: Nanoscale Probes for Nanoscale Pathogens
Published in Klaus D. Sattler, st Century Nanoscience – A Handbook, 2020
Mohamed S. Draz, Yiwei Tang, Pengfei Zhang
The concept of applying nanoparticles in virus sensing was first introduced in the late 1990s for human papillomavirus using gold nanoparticles. Currently, there is a diverse range of nanomaterials, including metal nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, silica nanoparticles, QDs, UCNPs, and polymer nanoparticles, that are being comprehensively investigated for virus detection [77,154,156]. One of the most common approaches for exploiting these nanostructures in virus detection is the development of bio-nanoparticle hybrid systems that contain one or more biomolecules derived from viruses, such as DNA, RNA, antibodies, antigens, or peptides (Table 20.1). The applications of bio-nanoparticle systems usually hinge on leveraging the labeling and signal transduction functions of nanoparticles and the specific activity of the conjugated biomolecules [77,154,157]. Such virus-specific nanoprobes have been widely reported in various optical, fluorometric, electrochemical, and electrical assays for the detection and monitoring of human viruses. The results of most of these studies demonstrate the potential of these nanoprobes, along with numerous advantages over traditional approaches, in terms of size, performance, specificity, signal sensitivity, and stability.
New analytical methods for the determination of sulfur species with microextraction techniques: a review
Published in Journal of Sulfur Chemistry, 2022
Arina Skok, Yaroslav Bazel, Andriy Vishnikin
A silver-gold core–shell nanoprism was first applied as a nanoprobe for hydrogen sulfide determination using HS–SDME coupled with UV-Vis spectrophotometry and smartphone nanocolorimetry detection [44]. The use of smartphone nanocolorimetry enables the matrix effect to be avoided and also the extraction and detection steps to be combined. The method was tested on fresh milk and egg samples, though the detection limit for UV-Vis spectrophotometric detection was much lower (0.24 µg L−1) than for smartphone nanocolorimetry (2.21 µg L−1).