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Nanotechnology and Manufacturing
Published in Yashvir Singh, Nishant K. Singh, Mangey Ram, Advanced Manufacturing Processes, 2023
Vijay K. Singh, Puneet Kumar, Manikant Paswan, T. Ch. Anil Kumar, Saipad B.B.P.J. Sahu
Manufacturing of materials, devices, structures and systems at the nanoscale is usually termed as nanomanufacturing. It involves set of industrial processes based on nanotechnology to develop scaled-up, cost effective and reliable products. In real sense, nanomanufacturing performs the integration of manufacturing methodologies with nanoscale material science to deal with multi-domain and multi-scale problems as depicted in Figure 6.2.
Nano electrical discharge machining – the outlook, challenges, and opportunities
Published in Materials and Manufacturing Processes, 2021
Deepak Kumar, Vivek Bajpai, Nirmal Kumar Singh
Nano-EDM technology has terrific potential to bring significant changes in nanomanufacturing and nanotechnology in the nearby future. Development in piezo driving technology with the advanced motion controller and software, development in an iso-pulse generator, and advancement in nanoprobes (AFM, STM, and nanoindenter) and ultraprecision holder have solved the major structural problem of nano-EDM. Improvement in the servo control system (self-retraction) has solved the problem of gap monitoring. It is expected that the nano EDM technology will fulfill all the machining requirements at the nanoscale. The capability to process the nano-features for instance, nano grooves, nano dimples, nanocavity, and nanoholes over flat gold and copper surface via nano-electro processing has been already reported. The state of the art on nano-EDM technology is briefly reviewed and presented. Major development issues such as positioning control, gap monitoring via servomechanism, tools fabrication, dielectric types, flushing media, discharge energy control, and in-process measurement and control are examined and highlighted. The current status of nano-EDM technology, along with their industrial components, is briefly demonstrated. The state-of-the-art has been presented on pulse power technology, which plays a critical role in bringing EDM down to the nanoscale successfully. The development of the high-frequency pulse generator with nano pulse duration and the invention of new flushing techniques are essential. Machining of non-conducting nanocomposites and Bio-MEMS is a promising application of this technology. Improvement of the capabilities of nano-EDM for nano features creation on bio-medical implants is an extensive area for research. The development of 3D nano features; instrumentation, system control, and incorporation of the CAD/CAM system in nano machining are some other issues that need to be addressed shortly. Research efforts are vigorously in progress to established nano-EDM technology at the commercial level.