Kermesite

Kermesite

Sb, 51]

Published in Alina Kabata-Pendias, Barbara Szteke, Trace Elements in Abiotic and Biotic Environments, 2015

It has various oxidation stages: −3, +3, +4, and +5. More than 100 minerals of Sb are found naturally. It occurs in three types of minerals, namely, sulfides, oxides, and mixed oxides-sulfides (e.g., kermesite, Sb2S2O). Its main minerals are stibnite, Sb2S3, and valentinite, Sb2O3. Antimony is a component of several other minerals, such as pyrargyrite (Ag2SbS3) and bourmite (PbCuSbS3). It may easily form soluble thiocomplexes ( SbS22− , SbS43− ) in various aquatic environments.

Stabilization and encapsulation of arsenic-/antimony-bearing mine waste: Overview and outlook of existing techniques

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Journal Information

Published in Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 2021

Esther Álvarez-Ayuso

A simple general sequence of stibnite oxidation has been indicated as follows (Roper et al., 2012): stibnite (Sb2S3) → kermesite (Sb2S2O) → senarmontite/valentinite (α-Sb2O3)/(β-Sb2O3) → cervantite (α-Sb2O4) → minerals of the roméite group (Ca2Sb2O7) or iron antimonates such as schafarzikite (FeSb2O4) and tripuhyite (FeSbO4). Moreover, it has been reported that the predominance of stibnite weathering products and consequent variable Sb mobility observed in mining areas are dependent on the formation kinetics of secondary Sb phases (Majzlan et al., 2016). Thus, as initial phases of stibnite weathering, soluble antimonates and/or sulfates have been reported in different mining areas together with oxides (Filella et al., 2009; Majzlan et al., 2016).

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Sb, 51]

Stabilization and encapsulation of arsenic-/antimony-bearing mine waste: Overview and outlook of existing techniques