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The socio-economic impact of small scale mining in Ghana
Published in Vladimír Strakoš, Vladimír Kebo, Radim Farana, Lubomír Smutný, Mine Planning and Equipment Selection 1997, 2020
S. Al-Hassan, R.S. Suglo, A. Cobblah
Numerous definitions of small scale mining exist. These are generally based on the number of people employed, tonnage of ore mined per annum, gross annual income, the extent of capitalisation and mechanisation, managerial structure, etc. Small scale mining, for the purpose of this work, is defined as a mining operation ranging from a one-man operation to a co-operate or small company of ten or more people using artisinal equipment or limited small and simple motorised equipment. This scale of operation covers precious minerals — gold and diamond — and industrial minerals, including construction materials. The common industrial minerals include kaolin, sand and gravel, granite, clays, mica, feldspar, salt and aggregate sand.
Our Earth, its minerals and ore bodies
Published in Odwyn Jones, Mehrooz Aspandiar, Allison Dugdale, Neal Leggo, Ian Glacken, Bryan Smith, The Business of Mining, 2019
Odwyn Jones, Mehrooz Aspandiar, Allison Dugdale, Neal Leggo, Ian Glacken, Bryan Smith
Any rock, mineral or naturally occurring substance of economic value, excluding metallic ores, fossil fuels and gemstones, are defined as industrial minerals. The tonnage and total product value of industrial minerals far exceeds metallic ores. There is a vast variety of industrial minerals and their uses. The most common uses of industrial minerals are as abrasives, aggregates, structural clay products (bricks and tiles), cement and concrete, building stones, glass, paints, plaster, batteries, lubricants, pharmaceutical products and food (Table 1.2).
PRAs in the metals and minerals markets
Published in Owain Johnson, The Price Reporters, 2017
Industrial minerals are defined as minerals that are mined or processed for their special properties and which are used in a wide range of industrial and domestic applications. Industrial minerals typically include such commodities as graphite, alumina, bauxite, fluorspar, silica (frac) sand, lithium, magnesium, soda ash, TiO2/zircon and rare earths. Many of these markets make use of third-party indexes in their spot and term contracts, although no derivative markets have yet emerged in the mineral sector.
Synthesis of nano-alumina and their effect on structure, mechanical and thermal properties of geopolymer
Published in Journal of Asian Ceramic Societies, 2019
Z. Zidi, M. Ltifi, Z. Ben Ayadi, L. El Mir
Recently, the abundance of natural kaolinitic clay resources in Tunisia has encouraged the development of several types of research concerning the manufacture of geopolymers. Indeed, today these resources remain one of the most popular industrial minerals for use as a raw material in manufacturing bricks, ceramics, and various types of cement. Clay is a potential source of alumino-silicate, moreover as it is composed of high amounts of alumina and silica. Gharzouni et al. (2016) indicated that among all Tunisian clays, Medenine clay-based geopolymers have the most favorable mechanical properties for use in the construction field [14]. However, these materials will require many studies to better understand and improve their properties.
Dissolution kinetics studies of kaolin ore as raw material for mesoporous silica by acid leaching
Published in Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly, 2023
Abdullah S. Ibrahim, Alafara A. Baba
Clay minerals such as kaolin are important industrial minerals with worldwide abundance. Kaolinite (Al2Si2O5[OH]4) is the dominant clay mineral in the kaolin deposits with smectite ((OH)4Si8Al4O20.nH2O), illite (K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2) as well as several non-clay minerals [1]. In Nigeria, for example, the oil and gas industry is the major source of foreign exchange and the vast potential of kaolin application in the manufacture of ceramics, paints, papers, bricks, and as a functional filler in refractories is being ignored [2].
Evaluation of terrestrial radionuclide levels and concomitant radiological risks of bentonites used in many industries
Published in International Journal of Environmental Health Research, 2022
Aslı Kurnaz, Şeref Turhan, Onur Metin, Aydan Altıkulaç, Celalettin Duran
Industrial minerals are non-renewable resources with distinctive chemical composition and physical properties that occur naturally under varying conditions in different geological environments (Garg 2018). Minerals, which are an indispensable part of our lives, provide a very important resource for the construction, chemical, agriculture, and manufacturing industries around the world (Christmann 2018). Turkey, located in the Alpine – Himalayan tectonic belt, has the largest resources of minerals in the world (MoT 2019). Turkey was the fourth-largest producer with 1.5 metric million tons (Mt) of bentonite after China, America, and India as of 2019 (Reichl and Schatz 2021).