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Sensors, Monitoring and Model-Based Data Analysis in Sports, Exercise and Rehabilitation
Published in Daniel Tze Huei Lai, Rezaul Begg, Marimuthu Palaniswami, Healthcare Sensor Networks, 2016
Jurgen Perl, Daniel Memmert, Arnold Baca, Stefan Endler, Andreas Grunz, Mirjam Rebel, Andrea Schmidt
Wearable physiological monitoring systems appear to be particularly promising for collecting many of these signals in various applications. They consist of an array of sensors embedded into the clothing of the wearer to continuously monitor selected physiological parameters and transmit the acquired data wirelessly to a remote monitoring station. In addition, such wearable computing devices may also be used to identify motions. Coyle et al. (2010) present a number of case studies in the fields of healthcare, rehabilitation and sports performance. Knitted stretch sensors which are part of textiles are able to change their electrical resistance when stretched. Thereby, motions or respiration activity can be recognized (e.g., Paradiso, Loriga, and Taccini 2005). In the case of arm and upper-body motions, for example, certain gestures can be identified in this way.
Occupational falls: interventions for fall detection, prevention and safety promotion
Published in Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science, 2021
Sachini N. K. Kodithuwakku Arachchige, Harish Chander, Adam C. Knight, Reuben F. Burch V, Daniel W. Carruth
Small devices which are manufactured using stretch sensitive electronic materials to detect sudden body movements are known as stretch sensors (Yamada et al. 2011). These electronic materials could be silicon (Mei et al. 2017), conductive fabrics (Atalay, Kennon, and Husain 2013), conductive rubbers (Hara et al. 1992), or carbon nanotubes (Yamada et al. 2011). Previously used rigid/traditional sensors such as gyroscopes and accelerometers have been substituted with these soft sensors due to their preferable features (Huang et al. 2017). The primary favourable features in soft sensors are they have a smaller size, are lightweight, have a higher precision, are easy to administer, have a lower time commitment, are comfortable, and less expensive (Huang et al. 2017; Delahoz and Labrador 2014). The mechanism of action of the stretch sensors depends on the conformational change of the constituent electronic materials upon stretch. This will manifest as a capacitance, voltage, or resistance change (Luczak et al. 2018). One of the most significant features of these sensors is the linear relationship with stretching (Mei et al. 2017; Luczak et al. 2018) which makes those more applicable to use.
Development and testing of a stitched stretch sensor with the potential to measure human movement
Published in The Journal of The Textile Institute, 2018
Ben Greenspan, Martha L. Hall, Huantian Cao, Michele A. Lobo
Commercially available soft sensors currently exist, and are made from conductive polymers that flex and stretch to measure movement (‘Flexible stretch sensors’, 2016) As the sensor is stretched and the contacts between the conductive material change, the conductive properties of the sensor change (Atalay, Kennon, & Husain, 2013). Measurement of those changes in conductive properties can provide information about physical activity. However, integrating soft sensors into clothing safely, comfortably, and esthetically is challenging (Papi et al., 2015). Textile-based stretch sensors consist of two components: conductive material and a textile substrate (Gioberto & Dunne, 2012). The conductive material can be in the form of an electroactive polymer, piezoelectric ceramic, or conductive coating (Gioberto & Dunne, 2012). The textile substrate should be one that allows for comfortable clothing fit, while being elastic to allow the sensor to elongate and then relax (return to the original state). For this study, the conductive material was a silver-coated thread that was stitched into a knit textile substrate. Conductivity of the thread (Moradi, Bjorninen, Ukkonen, & Rahmat-Samii, 2012), geometry of the stitch structure (Gioberto & Dunne, 2012; Moradi et al., 2012), sensor length, and properties of the textile substrate (Atalay et al., 2013; Gimpel, Mohring, Muller, Neudeck, & Scheibner, 2004) were all expected to contribute to the characterization and responsiveness of the soft sensor.