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Usability Testing
Published in Samuel G. Charlton, Thomas G. O’Brien, Handbook of Human Factors Testing and Evaluation, 2019
Stephen D. Armstrong, William C. Brewer, Richard K. Steinberg
A questionnaire is usually a form or booklet of questions provided to representative users soliciting feedback on specific issues related to a design under study. Administering questionnaires is an excellent method for quickly gaining an overall assessment of a design’s strengths and flaws. Almost all usability evaluations can benefit from employing a questionnaire as part of an overall assessment. Questionnaires can be especially effective in judging the suitability of a commercial product design because eliciting a positive consumer response is an essential prerequisite to generating product sales. Questionnaires are generally less expensive than most other testing methods, depending on the scale of the questionnaire, and they can be administered usually without evaluator supervision (especially if distributed electronically).
Research Methods in Human Factors
Published in Robert W. Proctor, Van Zandt Trisha, Human Factors in Simple and Complex Systems, 2018
Robert W. Proctor, Van Zandt Trisha
Sometimes the best way to begin addressing a problem is by asking the people at work what they think. This information is invaluable, because the operators of a particular system will be familiar with it in a way that an outsider could not be. The questioning can be done informally, but often we will need to construct more formal surveys or administer questionnaires (Charlton, 2002). Questionnaires or surveys are particularly useful when you want to elicit information from a large group of users and the issues of concern are relatively simple. By using a carefully designed set of questions, you can obtain a succinct summary of the issues, and determine probable relations among variables. The benefits of questionnaires include being able to obtain information from different user populations and getting information that is relatively easy to code. However, the types of questions asked affect the validity of the questionnaire, and the return rate is typically low.
Methods of Evaluation
Published in Nancy J. Stone, Chaparro Alex, Joseph R. Keebler, Barbara S. Chaparro, Daniel S. McConnell, Introduction to Human Factors, 2017
Nancy J. Stone, Chaparro Alex, Joseph R. Keebler, Barbara S. Chaparro, Daniel S. McConnell
Questionnaires, also referred to as surveys, provide another means of gathering user requirement information by asking participants to respond to questions or requests in a written format. One advantage of using questionnaires over interviews is the ability to collect information from more people at a time. In addition, questionnaires are superior to interviews when a researcher wants to avoid potential demand characteristics (see Chapter 2) during the interview. Demand characteristics are intentional or unintentional cues within the environment that suggest how a respondent should answer. For example, if the interviewer is nodding or smiling during some responses and not others, this might suggest to the respondent that he or she should answer in a particular way. Using surveys removes the interaction between the interviewer and respondent, reducing the likelihood of demand characteristic effects.
Students’ Web-Based Activities Moderate the Effect of Human-Computer-Interaction Factors on Their E-Learning Acceptance and Success During COVID-19 Pandemic
Published in International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction, 2023
Fareed AL-Sayid, Gokhan Kirkil
The researcher processed the data analysis using proper software called Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS-v25), which is useful for analyzing survey data and getting the causal relationships between questionnaire elements. SPSS fits the quantitative approach. The personal information, as well as different responses were analyzed based on the percentage of the frequency of participants; statistical differences among survey participants were outlined, and explained by conducting a t-test; then, ANOVA tests were used to test correlations between qualitative and quantitative factors. Furthermore, linear, and multilinear regression analyses were used to test the research hypotheses and determine which ones would be supported. As for moderation and mediation, the researcher used the macro-PROCESS for SPSS.
Modeling the implications of sustainable supply chain practices on sustainable performance in Ghana’s petroleum industry: the role of stakeholders’ pressure
Published in International Journal of Sustainable Engineering, 2022
Michael Karikari Appiah, Frederick Boateng, Alex Abugri, Samuel Barnes
We adopted structured questionnaire as the main data instrument for eliciting data from the participants. Questionnaires were used as they are commonly used in behavioural surveys to collect intentions, preferences, attitudes, and opinions. Other reasons for using questionnaires in this study were as follows: It is a quick and effective way to collect data from larger population, it is cost-effective compared to other instruments such as interviews, and it can be used to collect a large amount of information from relatively large sample. This study collected data from Oil Marketing and Distribution Companies in Ghana. The study used 5-point Likert type scale (where 5- implies that participants strongly agree to the items and 1 = Implies that participants strongly disagree to the items in question) to measure all the constructs of the study. Several others including (Appiah et al. 2021b) have argued that there 5-point Likert type scale has high predictive accuracy just like the 7-point, 9-point and −11 point scales. All the constructs were measured using an interval type scale except the demographic characteristics that were measured using categorical type scale.
Green supply chain management framework for supplier selection: an integrated multi-criteria decision-making approach
Published in International Journal of Management Science and Engineering Management, 2022
Sudipta Ghosh, Madhab Chandra Mandal, Amitava Ray
Firstly, significant parameters (criteria) are selected from the extant literature. Then, case organizations (alternatives) are identified for performance evaluation. A questionnaire is then developed to gather relevant data and information. Next, an expert committee is formed, which comprises various industry professionals from the selected organizations. Industry visits and surveys are carried out in order to collect the data. After collecting the data, a data matrix is constructed which includes the criteria values for each alternative. Then, the entropy method is applied to determine the criteria weights, which are employed in the COPRAS, GRA, and TOPSIS methods to determine the ultimate ranking. Then, results obtained from these methods are compared, and finally, the benchmark organization is identified. The stepwise procedures of the entropy, TOPSIS, COPRAS, and GRA are given below: