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Wearable Pedometer Using ATtiny85
Published in Anudeep Juluru, Shriram K. Vasudevan, T. S. Murugesh, fied!, 2023
Anudeep Juluru, Shriram K. Vasudevan, T. S. Murugesh
A pedometer is a portable electronic device that will count the number of steps walked by a person and provide an estimate of the distance walked. It is generally worn on the person’s wrist or waistband. The readings from a pedometer generally serve as a motivational factor for physical activity by providing continuous feedback for self-monitoring one’s status visually and attractively. They may aid the individuals to achieve step recommendations for health benefits looking from a general public health perspective. Usage of pedometers to endorse increased physical activity through walking has gained popularity as they tend to be inexpensive and easy to use. Researches support the usefulness of pedometers usage to increase physical activity and decrease body mass index and blood pressure. This project will help you to build a pedometer and track the progress to stay plugged into your health and fitness goals and at the same time inspire engagement in additional activities.
Energy Harvesting Techniques for Future IoT Applications
Published in Indu Bala, Kiran Ahuja, Harnessing the Internet of Things (IoT) for a Hyper-Connected Smart World, 2023
N. Vithyalakshmi, G. S. Vinoth, H. D. Praveena, P. Avirajamanjula
Customary pedometers use pendulum, which has to be fixed at an angle in the hip to evade incorrect evaluations. For example, while walking, pedometer calculates every step by tracking the pendulum oscillating with respect to the hip movement and registering a counter every swing. But incorrect analyzes are common because of deviations in step, the climbing angle during walk.
IoT and Wearable Sensors for Health Monitoring
Published in Rashmi Gupta, Arun Kumar Rana, Sachin Dhawan, Korhan Cengiz, Advanced Sensing in Image Processing and IoT, 2022
Radhika G. Deshmukh, Akanksha Pinjarkar, Arun Kumar Rana
Pedometers (shown in Figure 7.7), which can count the user's steps while jogging or walking, are generally seen in wearables focusing on physical health. Pedometers come in two types: electrical and mechanical. The former is the most common today, and it is based on mechanical pedometer principles but uses micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) technology for efficiency. A pedometer is a gadget that counts each step a person takes by detecting motion of the user's hands or hips. It is usually portable and electronic or electromechanical. Because every person's steps vary in length, an informal calibration by the user is required if the distance covered is to be displayed in a unit of length, though there are now pedometers that use electronics and software to automatically determine how a person's step varies. A GPS receiver can immediately measure the distance travelled. The pedometer user's steps are measured using the pendulum function. Two-ended pedometers, one with a screw, use a tiny metal pendulum. Every time a user takes a step, the hammer swings and smacks the other before returning to its original position. The device is connected to an electronic counting circuit by a spring. There is no current at the start; therefore, each time the hammer strikes the other side, an open circuit is closed. As a result, current begins to flow. The circuit closes once the pendulum returns to its original position, and the pendulum revolution begins again. This enables the circuit to recognise each step. People who desire to enhance their physical activity can use pedometers as a motivator. Many websites exist to help people track their progress; however, many people will find that recording their daily step count and heart rate on a calendar is extremely motivating. Clinical studies have demonstrated that wearing a pedometer increases physical activity while also lowering blood pressure and body mass index. One complaint about the pedometer is that it does not track intensity; however, this can be remedied by setting time limits on step objectives (for example, 1,000 steps in 10 minutes is considered moderate exercise).
SIT LESS: A prototype home-based system for monitoring older adults sedentary behavior
Published in Assistive Technology, 2020
Tzafit Tirkel, Yael Edan, Natalia Khvorostianov, Simona Bar-Haim
Several research studies and lifestyle tracking devices are available (Fahim, Khattak, Chow, & Shah, 2016). Devices to measure sedentary behavour include worn and non-worn devices. Worn devices based on inertial measurement units (Servati, Zou, Wang, Ko, & Servati, 2017) include accelerometers (Andre & Wolf, 2007; Gorman et al., 2014; Yang & Hsu, 2010). These units have high sensitivity, requiring development of smart monitoring procedures (Rosenberger, Buman, Haskell, McConnell, & Carstensen, 2016). Although information provided is noisy it could be used to also measure sedentary behavior as shown in a recent study (Fahim et al., 2016), which was limited by the number of users; however these devices must be worn by the user. Pedometers employ a mechanical or electrical device to measure steps (Andre & Wolf, 2007; Bravata et al., 2007) and have been validated as providing accurate measurement (Fahim et al., 2016). Many lifestyle devices based on the above have been developed (e.g., activity watches, smartphone applications).
Effects of an unsupervised pedometer-based physical activity program on daily steps of adults with moderate to severe asthma: a randomized controlled trial
Published in Journal of Sports Sciences, 2018
Cristina Martins Coelho, Maycon Moura Reboredo, Felipe Martins Valle, Carla Malaguti, Larissa Almeida Campos, Lucas Mendes Nascimento, Erich Vidal Carvalho, Júlio César Abreu Oliveira, Bruno Valle Pinheiro
Pedometers are simple and inexpensive devices that offer estimates of physical activity volume in terms of steps taken. By providing self-monitoring and individual feedback, the use of pedometers as motivational tools has been advocated in the literature (Tudor-Locke & Lutes, 2009), and might improve adhrerence to unsupervised exercise programs. In a previous meta-analysis, the use of the device during unsupervised exercise was related to an increase in physical activity and to decreases in blood pressure and weight in healthy and clinical adult populations (Bravata et al., 2007). However, the authors are not aware of studies investigating the role of pedometers in promoting unsupervised physical activity to adults with asthma. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of a 12-week unsupervised pedometer-based physical activity program on daily steps of adults with moderate to severe asthma. We also investigated the effects of the intervention on asthma control, health-related quality of life, anxiety and depression levels and in the distance walked in the six-minute walk test (6MWT). Finally, we also assessed the persistence of the observed effects 24–28 weeks after randomization.
The validity of the commercially-available, low-cost, wrist-worn Movband accelerometer during treadmill exercise and free-living physical activity
Published in Journal of Sports Sciences, 2019
Jacob E. Barkley, Ellen Glickman, Curtis Fennell, Mallory Kobak, Megan Frank, Gregory Farnell
Because they are far less expensive and complicated than indirect calorimetry and doubly labeled water, accelerometers and pedometers are the most commonly utilized objective methods of physical activity assessment (Sallis, 2010; Schneider, Crouter, & Bassett, 2004; Tudor-Locke, Williams, Reis, & Pluto, 2002). Both are designed to objectively record movement. Pedometers typically contain a mechanical sensor that, when moved up and down, records that movement as a step (Sallis, 2010; Schneider et al., 2004). The accelerometer, depending upon type, can measure acceleration of a movement in multiple planes, making it possible to quantify the intensity of an activity and not just the number of steps taken (Ryan, Grant, Tigbe, & Granat, 2006; Sallis, 2010; Troiano et al., 2008). In other words, the pedometer records only if movement occurs while the accelerometer is sensitive to the rate of movement (Rowlands, Eston, & Ingledew, 1997; Ryan et al., 2006; Sallis, 2010; Troiano et al., 2008). Therefore, the accelerometer is an attractive option to researchers as it may offer more and/or different information than a pedometer, is more accurate than surveys and less expensive and complex to utilize than indirect calorimetry and doubly labeled water. However, while the accelerometer is an attractive option for researchers wishing to objectively measure physical activity, research-grade accelerometers (e.g., Axivity, Actigraph) are still typically more expensive than pedometers (Sallis, 2010). Using such measures makes it costly to collect accelerometer data on a large sample of participants which may push the researcher towards pedometers which only monitor steps and not physical activity intensity or survey methods which are prone to subject bias (Prince et al., 2008; Rowlands et al., 1997; Sallis & Saelens, 2000).