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Identifying Market Opportunities
Published in Sarita D. Jackson, International Trade in Services, 2021
National treatment is among the specific provisions that allow for preferential access in the cross-border trade of services. National treatment prohibits any member territory from not allowing for services to be provided by a company from another member territory on the basis that it is a foreign service provider. Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment (MFN) restricts any treatment that is not the same as that offered to service providers from other member territories. Market access refers to the access to other markets through the reduction or elimination of regulatory barriers to trade. Local presence says that the member countries cannot require that a service provider from another member country to set up an office or affiliate, or to be a resident, in its country or territory in order to provide the service. The rule regarding transparency maintains that the policies and regulations should be communicated clearly among the trading partners.
Synergy Allocation in Strategic Airline Alliances
Published in Werner Delfmann, Herbert Baum, Stefan Auerbach, Sascha Albers, Strategie Management in the Aviation Industry, 2017
An important prerequisite to increase market share is market access. The access to foreign markets is yet still regulated by bilateral air service agreements in most regions on the globe. The connection of route networks represents a viable option to access markets and hereby customer groups which would have been out of reach without the alliance membership. The most popular form of connecting route networks occurs by crafting code share agreements among the partners.28 If antitrust immunity is granted, the alliance members are even allowed to coordinate their pricing schemes which may also lead to revenue increases.29
Synergy from configuration of global production networks: drivers, mechanisms, and outcomes
Published in Production Planning & Control, 2019
P. A. Christodoulou, J. S. Srai, M. J. Gregory
As suggested by McKinsey (2005), sales growth is a primary benefit targeted by companies through GPN configuration. Major authors identify two, underlying sub-factors: a) market responsiveness, i.e. the ability to respond quickly to customer demands; and b) market access, i.e. the ability to access customers in distant or protected markets. Regarding market responsiveness, Skinner (1974) describes this in terms of the need for short delivery cycles and dependable delivery promises. Slack and Lewis (2008) emphasize the need to match the requirements of the market. Ferdows (1997) simply mentions providing better customer service. Regarding market access, Porter (1986) refers to the need for ‘enhancing long-term business relations outside the home country’, Ernst and Kim (2002) to the need for GPNs to be integrated with customer bases, and Bartlett and Beamish (2011) refer to ‘seeking markets’. Ferdows (1997) portrays this in more tangible terms as helping to overcome tariff barriers.