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Published in Jay Mandelbaum, Anthony Hermes, Donald Parker, Heather Williams, Value Engineering Synergies with Lean Six Sigma, 2017
Jay Mandelbaum, Anthony Hermes, Donald Parker, Heather Williams
The goal of the previous steps was to identify and focus on a specific problem from which specific goals can be derived with the help of the sponsor. Tools for communicating with the customer include the following: Likert scale. The Likert scale measures the strength of agreement with a given statement about the process through a questionnaire to gauge attitudes.Surveys. Surveys provide specific questions to gauge the customer’s concerns and requirements. However, participation is often lacking in surveys.Interviews. Interviews solicit candid feedback and provide the process owner with a direct voice; allow for a free flow exchange of ideas about what is wrong and what can be fixed; and establish face-to-face communication with the sponsor, which may be useful throughout the project.Focus groups. These groups establish a panel to answer questions about the product or process and solicit feedback directly from those involved in the process.
Usability Science II: Measurement
Published in Michael D. Coovert, Lori Foster Thompson, The Psychology of Workplace Technology, 2013
Douglas J. Gillan, Randolph G. Bias
Another common way to measure usability or user satisfaction is to have users (or “participants”) perform a task with a technological artifact (or maybe multiple artifacts) and rate the usability of the artifact. Traditionally, the rating scales used in these studies are limited-point category scales, often with labels and/or numerical values for each category. These kinds of scaling methods are referred to under a variety of names, such as Likert scales, Stapel scales, and semantic differential scales that differ according to the number of values in the scale and the types and numbers of labels of the categories. For example, a Likert scale (Likert, 1932) is usually considered to be a five- to nine-point scale in which each point relates to the amount of agreement with a statement. The values on the scale are symmetrical around a neutral point, with degree of disagreement on one side and degree of agreement on the other side. Category scales of these types are subject to systematic sources of distortion as users select a response that represents their actual judgment. Common sources of distortion or bias are greater likelihood of agreeing with statements (acquiescence bias); the tendency to try to look good to others (social desirability bias); and use of certain numbers or avoidance of others typically avoidance of the values at either end (central tendency bias). In addition, these scaling techniques are very sensitive to the range of stimuli to be judged and the frequency with which various stimuli are judged (e.g., Parducci, 1965).
The Three Faces of Traditional Project Management
Published in Terra Vanzant Stern, Lean and Agile Project Management, 2020
Measurements are discrete or continuous. Discrete is easy as it simply is a yes/no answer. Was it accomplished or not? Continuous measurement is typically a percentage. For example, 30% of this task was completed. In less finite environments, a Likert scale can be substituted. A Likert scale is the most widely used approach to scaling responses in survey research. As an example, on a scale from one to five, how would you rate the material you are now reading?
The Arm-wrestling Between Public and Private Partners: An Investigation of Critical Success Factors and Risk Allocation Preference in PPP Projects
Published in Engineering Management Journal, 2022
Rafael Rossi Buzzetto, Marly Monteiro de Carvalho
For the quantitative data, descriptive statistics and non-parametric methods were utilized due to the type of Likert-scale adopted. The critical success factors and the risk factors were ranked according to the mean and median scores. The risk allocation preference was analyzed according to the percentage of the total number of responses obtained for the whole sample and public and private respondent categories. Four categories of risk allocation were created: (1) “risks to be allocated to the public sector;” (2) “risks to be allocated to the private sector;” (3) “risks to be shared between the public and private sectors;” and (4) “risks to be negotiated based on the circumstances of each project.” The analysis is based on Hwang et al. (2013), whereby a majority opinion is one greater than 50%. If more than 50% of respondents choose to allocate risk to the public sector, the preference for allocating risks to that specific risk will be the category “risks to be allocated to the public sector.” This principle is repeated for categories (2) and (3). If none of the first three categories obtains more than 50% responses, the risk allocation preference for this case will be the category “risks to be negotiated based on the circumstances of each project.”
Co-design of digital learning resources for care workers: reflections on the neurocare knowhow project
Published in Journal of Medical Engineering & Technology, 2022
Cathy Soreny, Philippa Takhar, Emma Vickers, Rebecca Bartlett, Elizabeth Coates, Theocharis Stavroulakis, Emily Fox, Heather Davidson, Adam Harrison, Christopher McDermott
The iterative evaluation is exploring different stakeholders’ perceptions around the potential of the learning platform to increase care workers confidence and knowledge when supporting pwNC. This has involved gathering feedback from care workers, clinical managers and training managers from different care settings to ascertain if they feel it is engaging and fit for purpose. PwNC and their families are offering feedback on the representation of disabilities, different conditions and care relationships, to ensure these show best practice in supporting individuality and independence. Online questionnaires have included a combination of Likert scale questions, with a free text response for each to elicit more details. The free text has been analysed using a thematic analysis approach [17].
The reasons and the policy instruments behind cabotage policies
Published in Maritime Policy & Management, 2021
Ana Cristina Paixão Casaca, Dimitrios V. Lyridis
Survey questionnaire Part A incorporates closed-ended questions supported by a blend of nominal, ordinal, and numerical data. For questions incorporated in Parts B and C of the survey questionnaire, a 7-point Likert scale applies because it is a reliable way to measure opinions, perceptions and behaviours; a Likert scale allows respondents to state how much they agree or disagree with the identified statements. A questionnaire content validity test was conducted through a theoretical review, and a definition of the cabotage concept was incorporated so that respondents addressed it from the same perspective, thus avoiding possible overlaps that may exist in the legislative acts/regulations of the different countries (Paixão Casaca and Lyridis 2018). Finally, the survey questionnaire was designed in English, given the international nature of the research.