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In the Iowa Gambling Task, the anticipative GSR response that most people experienced when considering the ‘bad’ decks would be evidence of this somatic marker that functions as an automated alarm signal warning of potential danger. The impact is to ‘bias’ these people toward the safer choices—in effect leading them to make choices that avoid the risks. In the particular case of the Iowa Gambling Task, this leads to more effective decision making (i.e., consistent with maximizing expected value). It seems that for patients with damage similar to Gage’s, this alarm does not sound, allowing them to eventually be seduced by the larger immediate payoffs in the ‘bad’ decks. This in turn exposes them to the large risks that lead to calamitous results.
Neurocognitive and behavioral markers in DUI recidivists
The Iowa Gambling Task, a computerized test that mimics real-life affective decision making (Kasar et al. 2010), can be used to evoke the cognitive processes implied in decision making and measure related brain electrical activity.