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Risk and the Harm Caused by Healthcare
Published in Bill Runciman, Alan Merry, Merrilyn Walton, Safety and Ethics in Healthcare, 2007
Bill Runciman, Alan Merry, Merrilyn Walton
The physical condition of the patient is very important in this context. In an Australian review of medical records, three-quarters of all preventable deaths occurred in patients over 65 years of age, and the chance of an adverse event resulting in death in this age group was 10 times greater than that for patients under 45.15 Patients may be given some idea of their individual risk for certain types of problems by reference to various risk indices or scoring systems. The risk of having a heart attack or stroke in association with a non-cardiac operation is increased by several factors, the relative importance of each of which has been encapsulated in one such index, shown in Table 2.3. The patient’s risk is directly related to the total number of points scored using this table. The Euroscore is another example, and allows the risk of cardiac surgery to be predicted for individual patients with reasonable accuracy.23
Transcatheter aortic valve replacement: clinical safety and performance data
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2019
Jantine W. P. M van Baal, Boris Roszek, Merel van Elk, Robert E. Geertsma
Differences were observed in the descriptions of patient populations. For example, patients were categorized as inoperable, high-risk, intermediate-risk, inoperable to high-risk or intermediate to high-risk. Several articles used a scoring system for calculating predictive operative mortality, such as the logistic European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation (EuroSCORE) >20%, Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) score >10% or specified logistic EuroSCORE ranging from 10.8 ± 4.8% to 31.7 ± 1.4%, STS score ranging from 4.05 ± 4.9% to 7.8 ± 3.6% or EuroSCORE II from 5.2 ± 5.7% to 8.1 ± 6.3%. Therefore, it was not possible to differentiate patient populations into various risk groups for the description of the various endpoints below.