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Plants and job site organization
Published in Emilio Bilotta, Renato Casale, Claudio Giulio di Prisco, Salvatore Miliziano, Daniele Peila, Andrea Pigorini, Enrico Maria Pizzarotti, Handbook on Tunnels and Underground Works, 2023
M. Bringiotti, P. Romualdi, P. Rufer, K. Pini, N. Faggioni, C. Todaro
The operator must take into account not only the dimensions of the machine’s usual workspace, but also spaces in which it may have to pass through. In addition, the actual height of underground work areas must be taken into consideration, including any hanging ventilation or mine-service structures that could interfere with machine’s operation. Bucket selection should consider the machine’s primary use as well as the characteristics of the material that will be loaded (Figure 6.13); a standard bucket design may work well in many applications, but a high-penetration design will be needed for others. If a high-penetration bucket is required, load spillage will somehow increase.
Earthmoving, Excavating, and Lifting Equipment Selection
Published in Douglas D. Gransberg, Jorge A. Rueda-Benavides, Construction Equipment Management for Engineers, Estimators, and Owners, 2020
Douglas D. Gransberg, Jorge A. Rueda-Benavides
Front shovels excavate above grade or into a material face or pile above the operating surface. Their production cycle is similar to an excavator. Dig, backtrack, dump, reposition, and start over. Shovels digging into dense material typically operate on tracks. Shovels used for material rehandling where digging is not required might operate on tires. Front-end loaders operate similarly to front shovels, but are made for scooping at ground level, not excavating. They are classified similarly by their upward scooping motion. For optimum depth of cut, the bucket should be filled when it reaches the top of the face in one pass. This is dependent on the type of material and the size of the bucket. Optimum digging height for most shovels is between 40% and 50% of the rated maximum digging height. Breakout force is developed by crowding the material away from the shovel by pushing the bucket teeth into the material face and curling the bucket upward and toward the machine.
Bucket Elevators and Bucket Carrierss
Published in Muhammad E. Fayed, Thomas S. Skocir, Mechanical Conveyors, 2018
Muhammad E. Fayed, Thomas S. Skocir
Belt manufacturers supply maximum bucket projection tables for the various types and grades of belt. It is very often the case that the strength required to hold buckets in place exceeds the strength required for the maximum working tension of the conveyor system itself.
Determining the environmental impact of material hauling with wheel loaders during earthmoving operations
Published in Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, 2019
Hassanean S.H. Jassim, Weizhuo Lu, Thomas Olofsson
As discussed above, Figures 9 and 11 show that according to the sensitivity analysis, the fuel consumption per cubic meter can be reduced in practice by increasing wheel loaders’ utilization rates during earthmoving activities and using their full bucket capacity (i.e. maximizing their payload). The utilization rate can be regarded as a measure of the overall operational efficiency of a construction machine fleet configuration; it is sensitive to the types, capacities, and numbers of machines that are selected to work alongside the wheel loaders, and the degree to which their hauling capacities complement those of the wheel loaders. Utilization can also be regarded as the opposite of idling; consequently, the first step towards improving the utilization rate is to minimize the idle time of equipment. Increasing the utilization rate of wheel loaders would significantly reduce their fuel consumption per cubic meter hauled if all other factors affecting operating efficiency remain constant. The third most important input parameter was the bucket payload. Optimizing the bucket payload also reduces fuel consumption per cubic meter hauled (if other productivity-affecting parameters such as cycle times are held constant) because it ensures that the maximum bucket capacity is not exceeded and the engine is not overloaded.