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Building Materials
Published in P.K. Jayasree, K Balan, V Rani, Practical Civil Engineering, 2021
P.K. Jayasree, K Balan, V Rani
An adhesive is a material used for holding two surfaces together. An adhesive must wet the surfaces, adhere to the surfaces, develop strength after it has been applied, and remain stable. The adhesives materials allow joint substrates with different geometries, sizes, and composition. With the adhesive we can joint glass, plastics, metals, and ceramics.
Structural Applications of Fiber-Reinforced Plastics
Published in John H. Mallinson, Corrosion-Resistant Plastic Composites in Chemical Plant Design, 2020
The disadvantages of adhesives are as follows: Sometimes selection is difficult because of the wide number available; accurate data on fatigue and shear strengths may be lacking; joint may suffer fracture under heavy impact loads; good personnel training is necessary to achieve satisfactory performance; the joint requires 48 hr before it can be fully loaded.
Materials for Optical Systems
Published in Anees Ahmad, Handbook of Optomechanical Engineering, 2018
Adhesives and cements are formulated from many different polymers. The most common structural adhesives are epoxies, polyurethanes, modified acrylics, cyanoacrylates, and anaerobics. Silicones are used in structural applications where resiliency is required, such as for joining of materials with disparate thermal expansions.
The study and optimization of the hygroscopic properties of selected natural products with an aim of designing a sanitary pad suitable for low- and middle-income population
Published in Cogent Engineering, 2023
Bett Brian Kipchumba, Augustine Kangogo Kulei, Josphat I. Mwasiagi
The optimized material was used in the design of the pad and tested. Engineering technique of drawing and dimension were used to design the pad and produce the desired mold. The mold preparation was done to facilitate the compaction of the pulp into the desired shape that forms the absorbent core (see Figure 1). The absorbent core is covered on the top side with a nonwoven and on the bottom side with a leakage-proof material (see Figure 2). The sealing was done using superbond adhesive and welding with melting covers. However, there are a variety of adhesives available, including Silicone binders, vinyl acrylate, and pressure-sensitive industrial adhesives (see Figures 1 and 2). Testing was conducted to check the performance of the pad, such as absorbency, retention, leakage, and robustness (appearance) (see Figure 3).
Adhesives and adhesive joints under impact loadings: An overview
Published in The Journal of Adhesion, 2018
J. J. M. Machado, E. A. S. Marques, Lucas F. M. da Silva
Adhesive bonding is a joining method where an adhesive material is used to create a strong mechanical connection between two components, known as substrates. While many other structural joining methods are available (such as fastening, welding or riveting), adhesive bonding exhibits some particularly interesting advantages over these methods [1–3]. Adhesive joints have been shown to exhibit a very smooth stress distribution along the bonded length which translates into higher fatigue resistance. Bonded structures are also very light, can be relatively cheap to manufacture, and are able to sustain significant damage before the total failure [4]. The ability to effectively join dissimilar materials is perhaps one of the most important advantages as it allows the use of lightweight materials, such as composites that cannot be joined using other conventional methods. Advances in chemical formulations of adhesives coupled with an ever increasing demand for structures with a very high strength to weight ratio has led to a steady increase in the use of adhesive joints. Adhesive joints are now in use in several industries, such as automotive, aerospace, defence, electronics, and naval [5].
Shape optimization of adhesives of multi-materials under multiaxial stress failure criteria
Published in The Journal of Adhesion, 2023
Yang Xue, Hiro Tanaka, Yoji Shibutani
An important technical trend in the automotive industry in recent years has been a reduction in the weight of structures in an effort to reduce the emission of carbon dioxide and energy consumption. One strategy adopted to lighten structures is multi-material design[1]; i.e., the combining of different materials with appropriate strength and stiffness. Multi-material design is generally applied to the frames of structures with a sufficient strength of the bonded joints being crucial. Several methods of joining dissimilar materials, such as laser welding,[2] friction stir spot welding[3] and mechanical fastening with combination of bolts and adhesives,[4] have been developed. Adhesive bonding is the most promising joining method that is widely used to adhere materials having dissimilar properties together because the adhesive material is always of low weight compared with other mechanical fastenings. There are many types of adhesives but the two types most widely used in many industries are epoxy and acrylic adhesives. Epoxy adhesives perform well in bonding large areas of sheet materials and provide a better finished appearance than other joint methods, such as welding and screwing.[5] Epoxy adhesives are widely used for large structures, such as aerospace, automotive and marine structures, in various industries where high-strength bonding is required. Acrylic adhesives are used in the construction sector and their bonding involves a denatured acrylic-based structural adhesion of two components. Epoxy and acrylic adhesives have different molecular structures and thus different physical and mechanical properties.[6,7]