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Subsidence
Published in William G. Pariseau, rd Edition, 2017
Damage to surface structures may occur because of subsidence and is linked to differential settlement (vertical displacement) that occurs at the surface. Severity of damage is also linked to strain in the horizontal direction. Consequently, a second important objective of subsidence analysis is estimation of horizontal surface strains. Horizontal surface strains are described, in principle, by some function e(x,y). In the NCB approach, a strain profile e(x) is determined at discrete points along the subsidence profiles, face-side, and rib-side. The ground surface in a subsidence trough is both stretched and compressed causing tensile and compressive strains. Important characteristics of surface strain profiles are thus peak tensions and peak compressions. A secondary compression maximum may also occur.
Modelling of suffusion in heterogeneous soils using discrete element method
Published in European Journal of Environmental and Civil Engineering, 2023
Mohamad Oueidat, Tariq Ouahbi, Ahmed Benamar, Xingjie Zhang, Abdelkrim Bennabi
Specimen vertical deformation is defined as the ratio of the computed settlement and the height of the specimen. When a hydraulic gradient is applied to the soil, the particles rearrange and pack more closely together, causing the soil volume decrease and resulting in vertical displacement or deformation. Figure 10 presents the specimen deformation after the erosion tests, for the hydraulic gradient i = 3 and all tested configurations. The results show that the extent of deformation is relatively low, with a maximum deformation reaching a value close to 2%. In fact, when the flow is applied to a soil with low fines content, the larger particles tend to bear the load, and the force is distributed over a larger area, which reduces the stress on individual particles and results in less deformation owing the high stiffness of the material. Additionally, the larger void spaces in soils with small fines content can help to dissipate a part of the flow energy from the applied load, further reducing the potential for deformation.
Texas cone penetrometer foundation design method: Qualitative and quantitative assessment
Published in DFI Journal - The Journal of the Deep Foundations Institute, 2018
Rozbeh B. Moghaddam, Priyantha W. Jayawickrama, William D. Lawson, James G. Surles, Hoyoung Seo
As used in this study, serviceability refers to the condition where an element of a structure can suffer deformations due to applied loads but not to the extent of reaching deformation levels beyond capacity. In such case a collapse is not likely to occur, but the structure or the element of the structure is not serviceable and cannot meet its prescribed function. In geotechnical engineering and more specifically in the case of axially loaded deep foundations, deformations can be translated to vertical displacement of the foundation element which causes settlement in the superstructure. When the vertical displacement is larger than an established tolerable displacement, then it is considered that the foundation system has reached the serviceability limit state.
Vertical displacement reduction of cohesionless overburden soil by nails in box jacking
Published in International Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2020
Kanwar Singh, Satyendra Mittal, Kishor Kumar
After placing the tank filled with soil at the horizontal platform of load frame, the model tunnel was pushed into the soil mass with a jacking pressure of 0.01 N/mm2. The soil thus entered into the model tunnel was gently scooped out until the box reaches the desired horizontal offset position. After reaching of box tunnel at the desired location, the test plate (footing) was placed at the top and centre of the model tank as shown in Figure 8. The vertical load was applied through the loading plate at a constant rate of 0.625 mm per minute until the failure load was reached. The vertical displacement was measured by a LVDT, duly calibrated and the readings were recorded at every 5-s interval through data acquisition system.