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Simulation Models
Published in Susan B. Norton, Susan M. Cormier, Glenn W. Suter, Ecological Causal Assessment, 2014
Mathematical simulation models allow us to use our understanding of the components and processes that make up a system to describe how the system responds to perturbations. The equations used in simulation models are based primarily on physical, chemical, and biological understanding rather than empirical relationships. Although the models are based on theory, they incorporate results from laboratory tests and field observations to provide case-specific parameter values. Simulation models are routinely used in environmental management to determine harvest levels for forests, fisheries, and wildlife. In environmental science, they are routinely used to estimate fate and transport of chemicals given release rates and environmental conditions. In population viability analysis, they are used to estimate the degree of protection required to restore endangered species.
Viability of intertwined supply networks: extending the supply chain resilience angles towards survivability. A position paper motivated by COVID-19 outbreak
Published in International Journal of Production Research, 2020
Dmitry Ivanov, Alexandre Dolgui
We illustrate the viability formation in an ISN through dynamic game-theoretic modelling of an ecosystem. Game-theoretical models have been considered suitable to address the SC disruption risks analysis (Gupta and Ivanov 2020). We follow the model of Bonneuil and Saint-Pierre (2005) rooted in population viability analysis as a method of risk assessment frequently used in conservation biology. We describe the viability of an ISN where firms exhibit independent, time-varying survival strategies by a specific set, the viability kernel, gathering all states from which there exists at least one trajectory safeguarding each firm over a given survivability threshold (e.g. minimal levels of some financial or operational indicators which allow maintaining the firm’s operations and avoiding bankruptcy).