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The Human Body as the Foundation for Wearable Product Design
Published in Karen L. LaBat, Karen S. Ryan, Human Body, 2019
Palpation is a medical term used to describe the method of using the sense of touch to identify or examine internal structures (McKinley & O’Loughlin, 2006, Glossary, p. G-4). Key points on the body that you can feel, tactile points, may be stable and easily identified landmarks. Although this section (1.4.1) focuses on establishing landmarks, in practice landmarking and measuring are done sequentially. As you work, tell the person what you will do throughout the procedure and ask permission to touch them. When practical, ask the individual being measured to help locate landmarks, position, and hold the measuring device (tape measure) in or over areas such as the bust points and groin region. Ask the individual being measured to pass the tape measure around their body when making circumferential measurements, to help avoid crowding in close to the subject. Tactile points most often relate to skeletal structures and muscles and are common to all human bodies. Their stability makes them good reference points for determining similarities and differences in form and size, person-to-person.
An Identification of Handling Uncertainties Within Medical Screening: A Case Study Within Screening for Breast Cancer
Published in Horia-Nicolai Teodorescu, Abraham Kandel, Lakhmi C. Jain, FUZZY and NEURO-FUZZY SYSTEMS in MEDICINE, 2017
Fredrik Georgsson, Patrik Eklund
Palpation. With palpation, a physician may feel changes that are close to the patient’s skin or a cavity. Palpation may be used in the screening for breast cancer and to examine patient’s lymph nodes and other glands.
Altered regional 3D shear wave velocity patterns in youth competitive alpine skiers suffering from patellar tendon complaints – a prospective case–control study
Published in European Journal of Sport Science, 2023
Tobias Götschi, Martino V. Franchi, Nicole Schulz, Stefan Fröhlich, Walter O. Frey, Jess G. Snedeker, Jörg Spörri
Tissue stiffness has been utilized as a diagnostic marker for centuries by means of palpation. Whereas manual palpation yields qualitative information and requires large stiffness changes in disease, SWE provides a quantitative estimate with high accuracy (Li & Cao, 2017). Tendinopathic degeneration is associated with collagen disarray and disruption and an increased proportion of ground substance (Fredberg & Stengaard-Pedersen, 2008). Tensile mechanical testing has linked these structural changes to a decrease in stiffness (Wiesinger, Seynnes, Kösters, Müller, & Rieder, 2020). Measuring voluntary joint torque and the corresponding change in tendon length to derive its stiffness is a valuable tool in understanding tendon structural homeostasis. Its implementation in a clinical setting is, however, impeded by technical and methodological limitations, including human limitations in neuromuscular control, (Peltonen, Cronin, Stenroth, Finni, & Avela, 2013) considerable potential for measurement bias and large time constraints (Lichtwark & Cresswell, 2013). Furthermore, this method yields global tendon stiffness estimates masking potential local variations. In contrast, the measurement procedure for SWE assessment is relatively straightforward and yields spatially resolved measurements. Indeed, we found SWV to be decreased in symptomatic tendons, with the largest difference seen at the location of the origin of symptoms. Accordingly, the mean SWV proved to be successful in discriminating skiers with symptomatic and asymptomatic tendons in both anatomical locations, albeit with limited accuracy.