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Synthetic Elderly Companions
Published in Ron Fulbright, Democratization of Expertise, 2020
Cognitive and neuropsychological tests are often used to diagnose dementia and other maladies. These tests measure attention span, concentration, ability to learn and remember, perception, problem-solving, decision-making, verbal abilities, etc. Presently there is no definitive cure or prevention for dementia but there are measures able to help. Keeping the mind active with activities such as reading, puzzles, word games and memory training might delay the onset of dementia or reduce its effects (Mayo Clinic, 2019). Lois can weave tests and exercises like these into daily conversations in the form of conversation or games. For example, image-discrimination games such as the Frankfurt Adaptive Concentration Test (FACT) could be used to test the elder’s concentration and ability to stay focused (Goldhammer et al., 2009; Mentalup, 2019).
Aviation Neuropsychology
Published in Carrie H. Kennedy, Gary G. Kay, Aeromedical Psychology, 2013
Neuropsychological tests are designed to evaluate brain functioning. The ability of neuropsychological tests to predict skilled performance, such as flying, is generally not addressed by neuropsychologists. In fact, there has been relatively little work in this area of ecological validity of neuropsychological testing. For example, prediction of driving performance in patients with neurological conditions based upon their performance on conventional neuropsychological tests has shown only limited success (Dawson, Anderson, Johnson and Rizzo 2010). In contrast, CogScreen-AE, which is based on a task analysis of flight-required mental abilities, has been shown to be a predictor of simulated and actual flight performance.
The Psychological Evaluation
Published in John R. Fletemeyer, Ivonne Schmid, Principles and Practices of Aquatic Law, 2018
This is an assessment conducted by a neuropsychologist or a trained skill psychometrist. Neuropsychological evaluations document patterns of strengths and weakness among cognitive and behavioral functions, behavioral alterations, and cognitive changes resulting from a central nervous system (CNS) disease or injury. Neuropsychological tests evaluate functioning in a number of areas including intelligence, executive functions (such as planning, abstraction, and conceptualization), attention, memory, language, perception, sensory motor functions motivation, mood state and emotion, quality of life, and personality styles. The test results of these tests help to understand more about how the brain is functioning.
Computation and management of weighted activation vectors in support to fMRI analysis of clinical subjects
Published in Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering: Imaging & Visualization, 2019
Elisabetta Binaghi, Alberto A. Vergani, Andrea Montalbetti, Renzo Minotto, Valentina Pedoia, Sabina Strocchi, Sergio Balbi
From a clinical perspective, it is necessary to state that there are several factors that can influence the results of these studies. It is essential to follow the patients longitudinally to monitor the changes that happen along their life and to guarantee clinical decision modelled on individuals. Monitoring the patient is particularly important because the surgical manipulation might alter the vascularisation about one determinate district, whereby the absent or reduction about the activation within a certain area could be caused not by some deficit in its functionality, but by the impairment of the vascularisation itself. Another limitation is that different pharmacological therapies could influence the fMRI results and then the WAV activations. The pharmacy that has vasoactive properties are massively relevant because they could amplify (or reduce) the BOLD signal causing an overestimation (or underestimation) about the cortical activations. Finally, it is necessary to conduct a neuropsychological test, which means to have tests coupled with the fMRI study, so as to put in relation the observed activations with the patient’s symptomatology and permit one to best quantify the clinical monitoring. The longitudinal method has fundamental importance because it allows one to analyse modifications of cortical activations, which are time-dependent as well as pathology-dependent, and to verify the data repeatability of precedent activations and to evaluate the degree of variability about the changes shown by different patients during the observational time. In oncology, longitudinal studies enable clinical researchers to plan ulterior treatments in relation to the activation observed and within the vascular setting to monitor the global follow-up of patients, formulating hypotheses on the prognosis.