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The Energy Freedom Fund
Published in Alden M. Hathaway, Tripp Hathaway, Energy Independence: The Individual Pursuit of Energy Freedom, 2022
Alden M. Hathaway, Tripp Hathaway
Let’s make some assumptions: we are replacing a 75 W incandescent bulb that is used four hours per day, on average, and our electric rate is ten cents per kWh. We are reducing the wattage of that light by 66 watts. A kilowatt-hour is a unit of energy whereby we use a kilowatt (1000 watts) for one hour. So, in one hour of using our new bulb, we save 66 watt-hours, or .066 kWh, since that is how we are billed. At four hours per day, we save 96.4 kWh per year, or $9.64. Dividing our savings by our cost of two dollars for the bulb, our return is 482%!
Economics
Published in Vaughn Nelson, Kenneth Starcher, Wind Energy, 2018
Vaughn Nelson, Kenneth Starcher
The sizes of wind turbines for residences, farms, ranches, and rural applications depend on the amount and price of electricity from a grid if net metering is available and also the local infrastructure. The kilowatt-hours consumed can be determined from a monthly electric bill or by calling a local utility. To maximize the return on a wind system, most of the energy should be used on-site because it is worth the retail rate. However, net energy billing allows larger systems. A system can be sized to produce all the energy needed within a billing period.
Electrical fundamentals
Published in David Wyatt, Mike Tooley, Aircraft Electrical and Electronic Systems, 2018
Thus joules are measured in watt-seconds. If the power was to be measured in kilowatts and the time in hours, then the unit of electrical energy would be the kilowatt-hour (kWh) (commonly knows as a unit of electricity). The electricity meter in your home records the amount of energy that you have used expressed in kilowatt-hours.
Implementing the Integrated Design Process (IDP) to design, construct and monitor an eco-house in hot climate
Published in International Journal of Sustainable Engineering, 2021
The eco-house is also integrated with a smart home automation system (SHAS). SHAS fully controls the electrical and mechanical systems, including closed-circuit television (CCTV), heating, ventilation, air-conditioning (HVAC), and lighting. Interestingly enough, the house occupants can configure and access the SHAS from any smartphone through a locally-made phone application eHOME® (eHome Automation LLC 2021). Such a feature gives owners an excellent opportunity to follow their house operational conditions remotely and switch off unnecessary running systems. In this study, the actual electricity consumption will be gathered through hardwiring to a central data acquisition, and then transmitted to the cloud. The information can be accessed instantly, and users could immediately monitor in real-time the power values and cumulative power consumption in kilowatt-hours (KWh) for the day, week, month, and year. This will support the concept of design for sustainable behaviour (DfSB), while its effects on energy consumption will be considered in a separate study.
China’s dam-builders: their role in transboundary river management in South-East Asia
Published in International Journal of Water Resources Development, 2018
Frauke Urban, Giuseppina Siciliano, Johan Nordensvard
Cambodia’s electricity production is far below the country’s needs. Imports far exceed the internal electricity production, with roughly 1640 GWh of imports and 1050 GWh of internal production (IEA International Energy Agency, 2016). Cambodia therefore relies heavily on imported oil for the production of electricity, as well as on electricity imports, mainly from neighbouring countries, primarily Vietnam and Thailand. Thus, Cambodia has some of the highest electricity costs in the world, despite being a low-income country (IEA International Energy Agency, 2016). Electricity prices range from US$ 0.09–0.25 per kilowatt hour in urban areas connected to the central grid to US$ 0.40–0.80 per kilowatt hour in rural areas. For comparison, the average price in the USA is about US$0.12 per kilowatt hour (IEA International Energy Agency, 2016).
Application of environmentally conscious manufacturing strategies for an automotive component
Published in International Journal of Sustainable Engineering, 2019
RM. Thirupathi, S. Vinodh, R. Ben Ruben, Jiju Antony
The main inputs needed for the manufacture of the automotive component are raw materials, electricity and coolants. Efforts were made to minimise the wastes due to consumption of electricity and coolants. A detailed study was made about the processing sequence and resource required for manufacturing the automotive component. The net power consumed for manufacturing the component was measured as 5.2 kWh. An electricity usage monitor was used to measure the power consumed by the machines. The availed electricity usage monitor is basically a power meter that extracts power consumption in terms of watts, amps, voltage, frequency, kilowatt hours (kWh) and other energy-related information. Various optimisation tests were conducted on drilling and turning centres to reduce power consumption by optimising the input parameters such as feed rate and spindle speed. Further, the structure of the electrical grid was reoriented for electrical commissioning and this considerably reduced the power consumption. Reorientation of the structure of electrical grid also reduces the environmental burden of the production of upstream electricity. An electrical grid structure consists of high voltage transmission lines and receivers where the topology usually follows a radial structure. As a part of improvement activity, the radial grids were proposed to be reoriented as smart grids. In smart grids, the transmission capacity is doubled as that of radial grids using two-way communication devices. This improves the energy efficiency and provides uniform power distribution for all the collecting centres. Powers saving stabilisers were installed in turning and drilling centres to reduce power consumption of individual processes. Power saving stabilisers maintain constant output power and eliminate incremental fluctuation and excess voltage. It also safeguards the equipment from sudden load fluctuations and avoids power burnouts that cause damage to the machineries.