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Agricultural Systems Studies Using Remote Sensing
Published in Prasad S. Thenkabail, Land Resources Monitoring, Modeling, and Mapping with Remote Sensing, 2015
Agnès Bégué, Damien Arvor, Camille Lelong, Elodie Vintrou, Margareth Simoes
Such evolutions must cope with climate change (characterized by changing rainfall patterns and an increasing number of extreme weather events) and its consequences (changing distributions of plant and vector-borne diseases, and increased crop yield variability), more competition for land (increased competition between food and bioenergy production), and the associated increased environmental pressures (e.g., overexploitation of ground water resources, water quality degradation, and soil degradation). As a consequence, in addition to the need to increase crop production, another major agricultural challenge is the task of improving the management of natural resources, especially through the adoption of more environmental-friendly practices, such as ecological intensi¤cation or conservation agriculture. Major agricultural powers such as Europe and Brazil have launched ambitious programs, for example, the Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) guidelines and the ABC Program (Brazilian Low Carbon Agriculture Program), respectively. ese programs give a special role to multifunctional landscapes to establish sustainable agriculture. Landscapes must be considered a whole land use system at the heart of human-nature relationships that need to be e¶ciently managed to preserve and restore ecosystem services (DeFries and Rosenzweig, 2010), and to contribute to sustainable solutions, especially regarding food security challenges (Verburg et al., 2013). In view of these global challenges, there is an urgent need to better characterize agricultural systems at the regional and
Key operational and institutional factors for improving food safety: a case study from Chile
Published in Production Planning & Control, 2021
Haiyan Lu, Sachin Kumar Mangla, Jorge E. Hernandez, Sebastian Elgueta, Guoqing Zhao, Shaofeng Liu, Lise Hunter
Managing food safety related issues are multifaceted and there is a contingent nature with traditional global business. Drawing on the supply chain vulnerability and risks in a complex social system where stakeholders are interconnected (Vellema, Loorbach, and Notten van 2006). This research found that criteria ‘Global standards for developing countries’ has the highest priority followed by ‘Dynamic capabilities’; ‘National level’; ‘and ‘Supply chain’. Food safety implementations are extremely context dependent on global standards and national governments. Being aligned with current researches (Unnevehr 2015), observations in this study highlight the emphasis on policy and regulation. The use of good agricultural practices (GAP) has been described to be the most important control measure to assure the safety and quality of fresh produce. In addition, the application of good hygienic practices (GHP) and the certifications safety management systems (FSMS) are relevant to assure food safety standards (Van Boxstael et al. 2013). There is a relevant scrutiny of the production or processing techniques employed along the associated supply chains and number of meta systems such as hazard analysis and critical control points (HACCP) and ISO 9000 have increasingly become global food safety standards (Henson and Jaffee 2008). The relevance of international standards have increased the government support for legitimating food safety standards, which is fundamentally important for protecting human health and sustain environmental ecosystem (Melo et al. 2014). The global value chains come along with a shift from public to private voluntary standards such as GlobalGAP have become mandatory food safety standards in some countries due to supermarkets require standard compliance from their suppliers.