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Checking workpieces for accuracy
Published in David Salmon, Penny Powdrill, Mechanical Engineering Level 2 NVQ, 2012
Calipers are tools that have two high-quality steel arms with rounded ends. Calipers are used to measure features that are inaccessible to other tools or to compare the size of one part of a component with other parts to find if the component is parallel. The distance between the ends of the arms can be adjusted to fit a component's size (either externally or internally). The size is then transferred to a suitable measuring tool (e.g. an engineer's rule or a micrometer) and a reading is taken. Calipers are non-indicating tools because they have no graduations to indicate the size. Because of the transfer of size, calipers cannot be as accurate as ‘direct’ measuring tools, but accuracies of about ±0.5 mm (1/64”) are readily achieved. With care and practice, more accurate readings can be attained. Both internal and external calipers are made as either spring or firm joint type; they are set and used as shown below: Spring-type calipers - The legs of this type of caliper are opened or closed by means of the adjusting nut. They pivot on a roller and are tensioned by a bow spring. The external type shown is available in sizes from 75 mm (3//) to 300 mm (12//). Common uses for external calipers are measuring diameters of pipes, recessed bores and undercuts that would otherwise be inaccessible.Firm joint-type calipers - The caliper legs on the firm joint-type pivot on a large screw that incorporates fibre washers. These washers enable the settings to be retained. Adjustment for the size to be measured is made by opening or closing the legs by hand to the approximate size and then tapping one leg on a solid surface to make the final adjustment. The size of this type of caliper ranges from 150 mm (6″) to 600 mm (24″).
3-Based Colorimetric Methods
Published in Shi Caijun, Yuan Qiang, He Fuqiang, Hu Xiang, Transport and Interactions of Chlorides in Cement-Based Materials, 2019
Shi Caijun, Yuan Qiang, He Fuqiang, Hu Xiang
Although the caliper and ruler method can’t avoid vision error of 0.5 mm, which might produce a small problem on application, according to error evaluation (Tang 1996, He 2010), depth variation of 0.5 mm only caused a small variation of non-steady-state migration coefficient. Therefore, caliper and ruler method can be a proper method to measure penetration depth.
The BasicMOST System
Published in Kjell B. Zandin, Therese M. Schmidt, ® Work Measurement Systems, 2020
Kjell B. Zandin, Therese M. Schmidt
This parameter covers the use of a caliper with a Vernier scale (Figure 3.44) with a maximum measurement capacity of up to 12 inches (30 cm). The M16 value includes setting the caliper legs to the object dimension, locking the legs in place and reading the Vernier scale to determine the measurement.
A pixel design method for mechanical metamaterials based on topology optimization
Published in Mechanics of Advanced Materials and Structures, 2022
WenHai Zhang, Ling Qin, JiYao Wang, Wei Xu
All the measurements were done with Vernier caliper with an accuracy of 0.01 mm, as shown in Figure 11(c). ΔxAB and ΔxCD are measured by the vernier caliper and the results are shown in Figure 12. It can be seen that the experimental results are consistent with the simulation. In addition, can be calculated. of the MS specimen is 0.58 mm. of MSMP specimen is 0.41 mm, which is decreased by 29.3% compared with the MS specimen.