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Characterization and Modeling of PWB Warpage and Its Effect on LGA Separable Interconnects
Published in Juan Cepeda-Rizo, Jeremiah Gayle, Joshua Ravich, Thermal and Structural Electronic Packaging Analysis for Space and Extreme Environments, 2021
Juan Cepeda-Rizo, Jeremiah Gayle, Joshua Ravich
This is performed by internal inspection department on a sample-lot basis and is the only warpage assessment technique employed to determine adherence to [2]. The technique involves laying the panel on a flat granite datum surface and using a pin gauge at designated areas to measure the panel profile. It is a quick way to obtain a warpage value that can be used to accept or reject material base from a specification. The dial indicator has an accuracy of ±.0001 inch.
Analysis of degradation process of a railway steel bridge in the final period of its operation
Published in Structure and Infrastructure Engineering, 2023
Ryszard Chmielewski, Paweł Muzolf
In order to determine the actual moment of inertia of the main girders of the structure, the deflection of the structure under moving load was measured. Dial indicators with a measuring accuracy of 0.01 mm were used for the measurements. They were placed on tripods under the bottom flanges of both girders towards the direction of the Otok railway station – Figure 10. Measurements of the deflection of the span structure were carried out in February 2014 as a matter of urgency. Settlement of supports was not taken into account during the conducted load test due to the necessity to quickly assess the stiffness of the structure and primarily the lack of surveyors on site. Due to the limited time for making decision as well as the absence of surveyors during the bridge inspection, the bridge inspector decided to measure the deflection in a simplified manner, shown in Figure 9.
Experimental and numerical study on lateral and longitudinal resistance of ballasted track with nailed sleeper
Published in International Journal of Rail Transportation, 2022
Yunlong Guo, Lu Zong, Valeri Markine, Xinyu Wang, Guoqing Jing
The facilities applied for the SSPTs include the hydraulic jack, dial indicator, pressure sensor and data acquisition system. The maximum loading of hydraulic jack is 20 ton, which is sufficient to provide enough force to move the sleeper until the peak resistance value. The actuator stroke can travel at most 10 cm. The travelling distance is enough for reaching the required maximum sleeper displacement. The dial indicator precision is 0.001 mm, and can measure distances at most 30 mm. The pressure sensor can measure the loading in the range of 0 ~ 15 ton, and the data acquisition system is used to collect the force data from pressure sensor.
Experimental study of a shallow foundation on spatially variable soils
Published in Georisk: Assessment and Management of Risk for Engineered Systems and Geohazards, 2022
The loading system mainly includes a hydraulic jack, a reaction frame, and an oil pressure gauge. The hydraulic jack is used to provide load at designated levels. The reaction frame is used to transmit the applied load to the foundation. The settlement of the foundation is measured by two dial indicators. The measurement range of the dial indicators is 50 mm and the accuracy is 0.01 mm.