China
Africa
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Blueprint Reading
Published in Frank R. Spellman, The Science of Wind Power, 2022
It would be next to impossible for a maintenance supervisor (or any other knowledgeable person) to describe in words the shape, size, configuration, relations of the various components of a machine, and/or its operation in sufficient detail for wind turbine technician/maintenance operator to troubleshoot the process or machine properly. Blueprints are the universal language used to communicate quickly and accurately the necessary information to understand process operations or to disassemble, service, and reassemble process equipment.
Emerging technologies for combating pandemics
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2022
Edward Weaver, Shahid Uddin, Dimitrios A. Lamprou
The feasibility for AM to be implemented against pandemics is due to the reduced cost and increased use of the technology worldwide [9]; the parallel enhancement of remote connectivity also bolsters the impact that the technology can have. When an internet connection is available, computer aided design (CAD) files can be accessed across the globe at will, meaning that designs can be made available to those even without the skill of constructing the original blueprint [10]. The compatibility of AM with a wide range of antimicrobial polymers, including cellulose and polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate (PEGDMA), has reduced the risk of spreading the disease by stopping the object acting as a fomite. Whilst pandemic related diseases such as coronaviruses are often considered primarily to be airborne diseases, the impact that fomites have on the spread is non-negligible [11]. Microneedles (MNs) are an effective and painless way to deliver medicines via the transdermal route to achieve a therapeutic effect. Production of MNs via AM is quickly becoming the gold standard of production methods to fabricate MN patches of various types, due to the optimization of printing parameters [12]. MNs are capable of delivering vaccines, especially lipid-based vaccines, as will be discussed further in section 2.3. MF chips can also be easily and efficiently produced using AM and can be designed to desired specifications. Several methods of manufacture, using different materials and printers have already been established to achieve this purpose [13,14]; the choice of which relies upon the intended use of the chip, for example whether it’s being used for analysis or formulation.