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Sensors: Touch, Force, and Torque
Published in Richard L. Shell, Ernest L. Hall, Handbook of Industrial Automation, 2000
where A is the plate area, d the distance between the plates, and ε the permittivity of the dielectric medium. A capacitive touch sensor relies on the applied force either changing the distance between the plates or the effective surface area of the capacitor. In Fig. 3a, the two conductive plates of the sensor are separated by a dielectric medium, which is also used as the elastomer to give the sensor its force-to-capacitance characteristics.
Flexible wearable sensors - an update in view of touch-sensing
Published in Science and Technology of Advanced Materials, 2021
Chi Cuong Vu, Sang Jin Kim, Jooyong Kim
In this short review, we focus only on flexible sensors in view of touch-sensing, emphasizing the sensors incorporated into garments, or directly on the skin for multidisciplinary applications on the latest advancements of recent years, as described in Figure 1. Some basic principles of touch sensors are introduced in Sections 1–2, consisting of capacitive touch, resistive touch, piezoelectric touch, and triboelectric touch. Section 3 reviews the sensing materials, focusing on some types of nanomaterials with many outstanding advantages. Manufacturing technologies are considered in Section 4 with key-methods of current studies. Significant approaches are shown in Section 5. This is also the most important part which updates the research fields and applications of flexible touch sensors into aspects of life. From these advances, we will present a discussion about the next steps in order to bring the sensors from the laboratory to industrial manufacturing (Section 6).
WristDial: An Eyes-Free Integer-Value Input Method by Quantizing the Wrist Rotation
Published in International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction, 2021
Eunhye Youn, Sangyoon Lee, Sunbum Kim, Youngbo Aram Shim, Liwei Chan, Geehyuk Lee
In the preliminary study, a touch sensor on the index finger was used (Figure 3a (left)). It was implemented using a copper tape on the finger and connected to the Arduino, which was reading touch sensor values using CapacitiveSensor Library (Badger, 2020). However, when these thimble-shaped sensors were worn on two adjacent fingers in order to detect two types of pinching gestures which will be described later, it hindered the switching of the two types of pinching gestures because the thickness of the bands that fixed the copper tape created friction between the fingers. Thus, we implemented a billiard glove that was patched with a conductive fabric on the index and middle fingertips (Figure 3a (right)). This glove was used in Experiment 1. In Experiment 2, we used the original thimble-shaped sensor because it was no longer needed to detect two types of pinching gestures.