Toggle switch

Toggle switch

Bistability 1

Published in James E. Ferrell, Systems Biology of Cell Signaling, 2021

Another kind of switch, which is common in everyday life and in cell signaling, is the toggle switch (Figure 8.1b). Like a doorbell, a toggle switch turns on in an all-or-none fashion, but unlike a doorbell, the response is irreversible; once you have flipped the switch, it stays on indefinitely. A toggle switch is an all-or-none, irreversible, bistable system.

Physical capability limits for right-angle power tool operation

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Journal Information

Published in Ergonomics, 2022

Jonathan Valencia, Lynn Eaton, Marty Smets, Julie Brazier, Patricia Racco, Allison Stephens, Gwen Malone, Ryan Porto, Joel Cort

The RAPT Handle Force Sensor was wired into the digital input ports of each RAPT computer controller which allowed for its integrated trigger and toggle switch to control each RAPT. The design also includes a ‘Handle-Angle Adjustment Pin’ permitting the RAPT Handle Force Sensor to be rotated about the spindle-head axis so that the handle’s longitudinal axis is directed through the centre of rotation of the RAPT (Steingraber et al. 2021). All analog data were collected at a rate of 1000 Hz and then digitally converted with a 16-bit resolution analog to digital conversion board (National Instruments, Austin, TX, USA). All data were stored on a PC-based computer and processed with custom designed software developed through the LabVIEW software package (National Instruments, Austin, TX, USA).

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Bistability 1

Physical capability limits for right-angle power tool operation