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Modeling and experimental validation of dust impact on solar cell performance
Published in Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 2022
Hussein A Kazem, Ali H A Al-Waeli, Miqdam T Chaichan, K Sopian
where V is the voltage across the output terminals in Volts (V) and the shunt resistance current is Vj/ Rp. In 1948, the diode current–voltage characteristics have been presented using the Shockley diode equation (Shockley 1948, Sah, Noyce, and Shockley 1957):