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Resonant Converter for a Bidirectional EV Charger
Published in L. Ashok Kumar, S. Albert Alexander, Power Converters for Electric Vehicles, 2020
L. Ashok Kumar, S. Albert Alexander
AC–DC converters are electrical circuits that transform AC input into DC output. They are used in power electronic applications in which the power inputs a 50- or 60-Hz sine-wave AC voltage that requires power conversion for a DC output. AC-to-DC converters use rectifiers to turn AC input into DC output, regulators to adjust the voltage level, and reservoir capacitors to smooth the pulsating DC. This video explains how AC is converted into DC. The types of AC–DC converters are not only linear devices, simple, and relatively inexpensive, but also large and inefficient. They process excess power as heat, which can be problematic for some temperature-sensitive applications. Switching devices are more complex AC-to-DC converters that use a switched-mode power supply. A switching regulator shifts very quickly between full-on and full-off states, minimizing wasted energy. Switching converters are not only more efficient, smaller, and lighter but also more complicated. They can cause electrical noise problems if not carefully suppressed, and simple designs may also have a poor power factor. AC–DC converters can have more than one output and may feature overcurrent, overvoltage, or short-circuit protection. Ruggedized devices are suitable for hard-wearing and shock-resistance and used in military applications. Some switching converters feature active or passive power factor correction to counteract the distortion and raise the power factor. A remote on/off switch may be available. They have various applications. AC–DC converters are used in computers, televisions, cell phone chargers, and other electronic consumer devices. They are also used in medical, military, and telecommunications equipment; kitchen appliances; industrial machinery; and commercial products that use DC motors.
Packaging and Assembly of Microelectronic Devices and Systems
Published in Anwar Sohail, Raja M Yasin Anwar Akhtar, Raja Qazi Salahuddin, Ilyas Mohammad, Nanotechnology for Telecommunications, 2017
The proliferation of electronics into portable devices, consumer products, automotive, military, aerospace, medical, and industrial applications is forcing more compact and ruggedized packaging. This chapter will provide a basic description of the Level 0, Level 1 and Level 2 packaging of electronics devices (Figure 14.3).
Handheld Technology Selection, Evaluation, and Risk Mitigation Using Stochastic Analytical Hierarchical Process: A Standardization of the Request for Proposal Process
Published in Engineering Management Journal, 2022
Farjana Nur, Reuben F. Burch V, Mohammad Marufuzzaman, Brian K. Smith
Ruggedized handheld devices are used in numerous manufacturing, material handling, retail, and service-based organizations to perform tasks such as asset tracking, inventory management, communication, and remote and training assistance (Burch et al., 2019). Given their ability to work in harsh environments, these ruggedized handheld devices add enhanced competitiveness to industrial organizations while offering the real-time process enhancements of continued connectivity. Implementation of these devices also provides great economic benefits to industry by offering better asset tracking performance and reducing overall product handling time (Burch et al., 2016a). Additionally, these devices offer comparatively lower total cost of ownership due to their longer deployment lifecycles even though initial investment for purchasing these devices is significantly higher than standard commercial equipment (Gooley, 2012; Wright, 2017). This large, initial purchasing investment requirement makes device choice and the overall decision-making process critical for any company planning to deploy new technology solutions on this scale. In this article, a well-structured methodology for selecting an appropriate ruggedized handheld device is proposed to aid this complex decision-making process in a robust way with lower uncertainty while meeting both economic, macro-ergonomic (the management component of the cultural subsystem), and human factors considerations.