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Elements of Quantum Electronics
Published in Michael Olorunfunmi Kolawole, Electronics, 2020
Quantum entanglement is simply a sort of theoretical teleportation: it suggests that when pairs of particles, or qubits, interact or share spatial proximity, the quantum state of each particle, or qubit, cannot be described independently of the state of the other—meaning, whatever happens to one particle immediately affects the other particle regardless of the distance between them: the connection between the particles is known as Bell Entanglement [2]. As a result of such interaction, the two representatives (or ψ-functions) have become entangled. Measurements performed on entangled particles, or qubits, are correlated, which means that measurements performed on one particle or qubit seem to be instantaneously influencing other particles or qubits entangled with it. This leads to correlations between observable physical properties of the systems. Despite this conundrum, quantum entanglement has applications in the emerging technologies of quantum computing and quantum cryptography. Quantum entanglement and quantum coherence are both rooted in the superposition principle.
Enhancement of fidelity of quantum teleportation in a non-Markovian environment
Published in Gin Jose, Mário Ferreira, Advances in Optoelectronic Technology and Industry Development, 2019
Entanglement is one of the most striking features of quantum mechanics; it is also regarded as an important physical resource in quantum communication, computation, dense coding, and so on. As one of the possible applications of quantum information theory, teleportation is universally acknowledged as the most attractive quantum state transmission protocol, which allows an unknown quantum state to be transmitted between two parties (usually dubbed Alice and Bob) by using the resources of quantum entanglement and classical communication. In the seminal work of teleportation, Bennett and Brassard (1984) proposed a scheme for transporting an unknown single-body quantum state via single copy of the maximally entangled state as quantum channel. Later on, teleportation has been extensively investigated both experimentally and theoretically, ranging not only from two-level states to high-dimensional state regimes, but also from discrete variable to continuous variable domains (Bennett et al., 1993; Barrett et al., 2004; Pan et al., 2001; Wagner & Clemens, 2009; Jin et al., 2005). However, the practical implementation of any quantum information protocol has to face the problem of the unavoidable coupling of the quantum system with its environment. Indeed, real systems can never be perfectly isolated from the surrounding world (Zhang et al., 2010). It is therefore important to understand the impact of the coupling with a noisy environment on the stability of quantum protocols.
Conclusions
Published in Ni-Bin Chang, Kaixu Bai, Multisensor Data Fusion and Machine Learning for Environmental Remote Sensing, 2018
Recently, quantum entanglement, a physical phenomenon that provides remote sensing an advanced basis for the future, has been well studied. Quantum entanglement occurs when pairs or groups of particles interact with one another in such a way that the quantum state of each particle cannot be described independently of the others. This is true even when the particles are divided by a large distance. Quantum sensing is thus deemed a new quantum technology that employs quantum coherence properties for ultrasensitive detection, which is especially useful for sensing weak signals. A quantum sensor is a device that exploits quantum correlations, such as quantum entanglement, to achieve a sensitivity or resolution that is better than can be achieved using only classical systems (Kapale et al., 2005). Quantum remote sensing, quantum sensors, and quantum sources have become hot topics in research. For example, infrared sensing technology has a central role to play in addressing 21st century global challenges in environmental sensing, and infrared imaging and sensing with the single-photon setting has been studied recently as a new quantum remote sensing technology (European Union, 2016). This type of new technology may deeply affect future environmental sensing (Han, 2014; Bi and Zhang, 2015).
The routing algorithms for maximum probability paths under degree constraints in networks
Published in International Journal of Parallel, Emergent and Distributed Systems, 2023
Yinhui Liu, Shurong Zhang, Lin Chen, Kan He, Weihua Yang
This problem model is also suitable for quantum networks. Since the 1980s, methods for secure information exchange via the quantum network have been proposed, studied and validated, and many experimental studies have shown that long-distance secret sharing is possible via the quantum network. Long-distance quantum entanglement can enable numerous applications, including the distributed quantum computing, the secure communications and the precise sensing. Because the communication of the quantum network is based on the successful establishment of quantum entanglement [8], and the success rate is obtained in the form of the integral of the probability density function related to the fidelity [9], so each edge is assigned a probability value. At the same time, the number of quantum qubits contained in each node in the quantum network is also limited [10,11]. To avoid resource contention, a function of degree constraints with a value of the number of quantum qubits can be applied to the node. That is, the quantum network can be modeled as the weighted graph.
Stabilized magnetic spin dimer entanglement using a genetic algorithm
Published in Journal of Modern Optics, 2022
The quantum entanglement phenomenon is observed experimentally and mathematically as two or more quantum systems sharing the same wave function such that when measuring one system, the other system is affected instantaneously regardless of the distance. Quantum entanglement has been demonstrated to exist between quantum systems even at very large separations, for instance, distances such as between a satellite and the surface of earth [1]. Quantum entanglement is important to implement applications of quantum teleportation, quantum cryptography and quantum computation. Finding new ways to maximize and maintain the entanglement between two quantum systems is an active research area [2–4].
Effects of quantum mechanical identity in particle scattering: experimental observations (and lack thereof)
Published in Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand, 2021
Of course, at some point after the atoms collide in the Otago experiments, the fancy equipment is turned on again: the scattered atoms are detected using laser light via the shadow they cast on a CCD chip and the resulting absorption image is processed by a computer. In closing, I would like to note how all of these technologies build on an understanding of quantum mechanics as do many devices we encounter in everyday life. This may hold increasingly true for tomorrow's technologies emerging from a current strong push to harness and exploit quantum entanglement as a resource for quantum computation, quantum communications, and quantum metrology (Dowling and Milburn 2003; Jaeger 2018).