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Safety engineering education truly helpful for human-centered engineering
Published in J. P. Mohsen, Mohamed Y. Ismail, Hamid R. Parsaei, Waldemar Karwowski, Global Advances in Engineering Education, 2019
The concept and framework of safety engineering approach mentioned in this chapter is indispensable for human-centered engineering. Participation of not only engineers but also users eventually makes the development effective and safe and secure to use, and leads to error-free or error-robust systems or products. Educating and training engineers such a mindset will be sure to contribute to the further advances of safety engineering education. As the concept of ergonomics shows that the task should be fit to the man, this concept of fitting the task to the man should be practiced not only by engineers but also by users. This leads to the concept of participatory ergonomics, which should be adopted in advanced safety engineering all over the world (globally) so that the safety and secure of man–machine compatible systems is further enhanced.
A Macro-ergonomics Perspective on Security: A Rail Case Study
Published in Alex Stedmon, Glyn Lawson, Hostile Intent and Counter-Terrorism, 2017
Rose Saikayasit, Alex Stedmon, Glyn Lawson
Seeking to understand the requirements of the intended end-users and involving key stakeholders in the development of new systems or protocols is an essential part of the design process and one that human factors, as a discipline, focuses on through user-centred approaches. In response to this, formal user requirements elicitation methods and participatory ergonomics have developed to support these areas of inquiry, solution generation and ultimately solution ownership (Wilson, 1995). User requirements embody critical elements that end-users and stakeholders want from a solution (Maiden, 2008). These are then mapped to system requirements that express how that solution should be designed, implemented and used (Maiden, 2008). However, these two factors are not always balanced and the resulting solutions may be developed that are not fully exploited, or used as intended. Participatory ergonomics approaches seek to incorporate end-users and wider stakeholders within work analysis, design processes and solution generation as their reactions, interactions, optimised use and acceptance of the solutions will ultimately dictate the effectiveness and success of the overall system performance.
Workspace Design
Published in Haydee M. Cuevas, Jonathan Velázquez, Andrew R. Dattel, Human Factors in Practice, 2017
To help proactively consider ergonomics as part of the design process, computer-aided design software is available, such as Siemens Jack (Siemens PLM Software, 2016), and commonly used by large companies such as Ford. The Siemens Jack software simulates individuals with varying abilities interacting with a prototype work environment to identify if the individuals have the necessary reach and strength capabilities to complete the task. Although the software is expensive, its benefits are significant as it ensures not only that the designs are adequate but also that workers are less likely to get injured. Smaller companies that do not have the financial resources for such software can mock-up or simulate tasks prior to design and use a human-centered design approach and participatory ergonomics to help eliminate human factors and ergonomics issues during the design phase. Human-centered design approach and participatory ergonomics include workers from the workspace designed or evaluated in the evaluation and modification process. Such approach could then lead to increased workers’ compliance with the design and modifications to their workspace.
Participatory ergonomics approaches to design and intervention in workspaces: a literature review
Published in Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science, 2023
Participatory ergonomics is the result of greater involvement and autonomy of the workforce (McKay et al. 2016), enabling a better understanding of the environment, constraints, and resource limitations. Participation creates ownership and commitment (Ipsen et al. 2020) and allows one to achieve a contextual, anchored, and sustainable intervention, (Wahlström et al. 2019; Wahlström et al. 2020). The user mobilises their experiences to evaluate and propose solutions (Bittencourt, Duarte, and Béguin 2017). These solutions are part of a common reference space, which allows participants to negotiate and build new understandings as they interact, whether by verbal or non-verbal (Dahl and Hanssen 2018; Zhou et al. 2020); as well as digital and non-digital communication acts (Martinez-Maldonado, Carvalho, and Goodyear 2018).
Participatory approaches to workplace safety management: bridging the gap between behavioral safety and participatory ergonomics
Published in International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 2020
Kristen A. Rost, Alicia M. Alvero
An ultimate goal of participatory ergonomics is for end-users to be part of an ongoing and permanent process for addressing ergonomics issues in their workplace. From a participatory ergonomics perspective, the best way to reach this goal is to transfer ergonomics knowledge and methods from the expert to the worker so that workers learn to identify issues before they lead to accident or injury [42]. If workers become their own ergonomists, this creates a flexible, in house problem-solving tool for an organization [40]. Armed with sufficient resources, the hope is that workers will generalize their knowledge of ergonomics to new issues as they encounter them over time [5]. At the start of participatory ergonomics initiatives, workers are often exposed to extensive training intended to provide an ergonomics knowledge base for future on-the-job problem-solving.
Participatory Ergonomics in the context of Industry 4.0: a literature review
Published in Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science, 2021
When new technologies are introduced, they can be beneficial and contribute to the individual, group and organisational effectiveness. Macroergonomics integrates a work system analysis approach for understanding work sub-systems and their interactions. A practical question for many managers and ergonomists is how to evaluate a participatory ergonomics programme, once implemented, and how to continue with the necessary changes for the continuous improvement of the programme itself. The main results of participatory ergonomics have been the reduction of musculoskeletal injuries, decreased production time and reduced costs.