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UWB Planar Microstrip Fed Antennas for Various Wireless Communication and Imaging Applications with Mitigation of Interference
Published in Praveen Kumar Malik, Planar Antennas, 2021
Zo is the impedance of the microstrip transmission line which is 50 Ω. W is the width of microstrip in mm, h is the height of the substrate in mm, εreff is the effective permittivity of the substrate and εr is the dielectric constant of the antenna. This equation holds good for the condition when W/h < 1. In the above shown microstrip antenna, the FR4 substrate is used [1] as dielectric material with dielectric constant 4.4 and height of 1.60 mm. W is fixed to 1.70 mm to match the impedance of the antenna. Further, the microstrip feed is connected to a 50 Ω SMA connector for signal input. The antenna shown above is capable of covering a bandwidth of 2.83 GHz–12.67 GHz as noted in Figure 13.3.
Wideband Wearable Antennas for 5G Communication Systems, IOT and Medical Systems
Published in Albert Sabban, Wearable Systems and Antennas Technologies for 5G, IOT and Medical Systems, 2020
The gain of a microstrip antenna is between 0 and 7 dBi. The microstrip antenna gain is a function of the antenna’s dimensions and configuration. We may increase printed antenna gain by using microstrip antenna’s array configuration. In a microstrip antenna array, the benefit of a compact low-cost feed network is attained by integrating the RF feed network with the radiating elements on the same substrate. Microstrip antenna feed networks are presented in Figure 4.26. Figure 4.26a presents a parallel feed network. Figure 4.26b presents a parallel series feed network.
Performance comparison of microstrip antenna and dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) at RFID application
Published in Arun Kumar Sinha, John Pradeep Darsy, Computer-Aided Developments: Electronics and Communication, 2019
The RFID tag is subdivided into two parts, antenna and tag chip. Each tag contains a unique identification code to identify the attached objects [4–7]. The maximum read range is calculated from FRIIS transmission formula [8]. The mostly used antennas in the last two decades are Microstrip Antenna (MSA) or Dielectric Resonator Antenna. Microstrip Antenna consists of patch on one side and ground on the other side. The patch is placed on the substrate and excited using any one of the suitable feeding technique.
Broadband and high gain coupled and cascaded square ring antenna for RADAR applications
Published in Waves in Random and Complex Media, 2023
Subash Chandra Yadav, S. P. Duttagupta
High gain, wideband, low sidelobe antennae with directional radiation patterns are required features for satellite communication, radar communication, and mobile base station applications. The high data rate and high directivity of the antenna beam are also vital. The low profile, economical, low mass, simple coaxial feeding, and easily fabricable antennas are preferred. There are many high-gain antenna configurations such as reflector antenna [1], reflect array antenna [2], and horn antenna [3] that can realize a high gain and wide bandwidth. However, the design of these antennas is complex. Whereas, the microstrip antenna is popular owing to its low fabrication cost and plane structure, it suffers from narrow impedance bandwidth and low gain. Furthermore, a dielectric substrate lessens the power-handling capability in comparison to metallic-type antennas due to a lack of better withstanding for high electric field strengths. So, practically, a high-power handling capacity is always preferable. [4–6]. Moreover, many methods have been introduced to enhance the microstrip antenna's bandwidth and gain, such as the use of dielectric with low dielectric constant, stacked patch configurations, super substrate loading, and array design [7]. However, all these methods are complex in design, and the antenna array required an external feeding network, which absorbs additional power and increases complexity and design cost too. There are many wideband microstrip antennas reported, such as a stacked patch [8,9], and U-shape slot antenna [10] techniques give 30–50% bandwidth, but the gain is below 6.5 dBi.
Compact Slotted Microstrip Antenna for 5G Applications Operating at 28 GHz
Published in IETE Journal of Research, 2022
P. Merlin Teresa, G. Umamaheswari
Microstrip patch antenna consists of a thin radiating surface mounted on one side of the dielectric substrate and ground plane on the other side. The most commonly employed microstrip antenna is a rectangular patch which looks like a truncated microstrip transmission line. It is approximately of one-half wavelength long [4]. A dielectric substrate is used in antenna designing, the length of the antenna decreases as the relative dielectric constant of the substrate increases. With the development wireless communication field has been demanded more compact size devices that can fabricate more integrated circuit within short space. Due to this, antenna designers are paying more attention on microstrip patch antenna for its several benefits such as compact size, low profile, high reliability, low cost, etc. With such benefits, microstrip patch antenna (MPA) has demerits too. Lower bandwidth is the major disadvantage. Due to these, antenna designers are paying more focus in designing compact size broadband antenna. The various bandwidth enhancement of MPA is slot configuration, multiple radiating element, parasitic patch, multiple feeding, and proximity couple. The applications of the slot antenna are used in broad range of applications from wireless and satellite communication system to medical system. Bandwidth is the major parameter which increases the user occupancy by adding more number of slots the bandwidth can be enhanced.
High gain miniaturised photonic band gap terahertz antenna for size-limited applications
Published in Australian Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, 2019
Subodh Kumar Tripathi, Ajay Kumar
Methods such as enlarging the substrate height or the patch dimensions were used to improve the bandwidth and gain of the microstrip antenna. However, the larger substrate thickness degrades the radiation efficiency because of a jump in losses in a surface wave. To overcome this difficulty THz patch antenna utilised a photonic crystal slab or photonic band gap (PBG) structure as a microstrip substrate (Gonzalo and Martinez 1999). The two-dimensional photonic crystal structure is utilised to overcome the microstrip radiator restrictions. As an example, a reduced efficiency, a reduced amount of antenna gain (≤2 dB) and contracted bandwidth (Liu et al. 2005).