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Video Compression
Published in Jerry D. Gibson, Mobile Communications Handbook, 2017
Do-Kyoung Kwon, Madhukar Budagavi, Vivienne Sze, Woo-Shik Kim
MPEG-2 was developed for digital TV applications. It was built on top of MPEG-1 and introduced support for interlaced video which is used in TVs. MPEG-2 has become a very widely used standard and is used in DVDs, cable and satellite television, HDTVs, and Blu-ray discs. It supports higher resolution than MPEG-1, for example, standard definition TV (SDTV) resolution of 720 × 480 for NTSC and 720 × 576 for PAL, 1080i resolution of 1920 × 1080 interlaced etc. MPEG-2 is used at around 4–8 Mbps for SDTV applications and 10–20 Mbps for HDTV applications. Interlaced video coding tools introduced in MPEG-2 include: field pictures, field/frame motion compensation, MVs for 16 × 8 blocks, frame/field DCT. MPEG-2 also introduced tools for scalable video coding but these are not widely used [3].
Business—Technology Interface
Published in Klaus Diepold, Sebastian Moeritz, Understanding MPEG-4, 2012
Klaus Diepold, Sebastian Moeritz
Bearing in mind that broadcasters need to be able to serve their content on multiple delivery platforms such as TV, Internet, broadband, DVD, wireless, VHS, and so on, they are in need of solutions that provide them with the utmost flexibility, scalability, functionality, speed, and reliability. Many of the systems currently in situ are not likely to be able to manage this additional workload in the most efficient way possible. This is exactly where MPEG-4 comes in. While MPEG-2 is currently regarded as the de facto video coding standard in digital broadcasting, MPEG-4 offers improved coding efficiency resulting in higher quality, particularly at low bit rates, of coded video and audio. With utilization spread across low, intermediate, and high bitrates, MPEG-4 offers a significant advantage compared to other video standards, enabling encoded data to be accessible over a wide range of media in various qualities. MPEG-4 is an extremely interesting format due to its coverage of many types of applications and wide ranges of resolutions, qualities, bit rates, and services. In addition, taking the latest developments into consideration, MPEG-4 will eventually succeed MPEG-2 as the dominant broadcast format.
Source multiplexing
Published in Hervé Benoit, Digital Television, 2002
Transport stream As its name implies, the MPEG-2 transport stream is primarily intended for the transport of TV programmes over long distances via transmission supports or in environments susceptible to the introduction of relatively high error rates (BER higher than 104 ). These types of media are defined as error-prone. In these cases, the packet length should be relatively short, in order to allow implementation of efficient correction algorithms, which will be detailed in Chapter 6. The length of the MPEG-2 transport packet therefore has been fixed to 188 bytes for the transmission of TV programmes via satellite, cable or terrestrial transmitters following the European DVB standard. This type of stream can combine in the same multiplex many programmes which do not need to share a common system time clock (STC). However, the different PESs which make up a given
Flexible FPGA 1D DCT hardware architecture for HEVC
Published in Automatika, 2023
Hrvoje Mlinarić, Alen Duspara, Daniel Hofman, Josip Knezović
Standardization organizations ITU-T Video Coding Experts Group (VCEG) and ISO/IEC Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) created the High-Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) standard [1,2]. These well-known organizations, ITU-T and ISO/IEC, have developed and enhanced video coding standards over time. ITU-T developed H.261 [3] and H.263 [4], whereas ISO/IEC developed MPEG-1 [5] and MPEG-4 Visual [6]. Moreover, these two organizations worked together to develop the H.262/MPEG-2 Video [7] and H.264/MPEG-4 Advanced Video Coding (AVC) [8] standards. Prior to the HEVC initiative, the most recent video coding standard was H.264/MPEG-4 AVC, which was significantly expanded. H.264/MPEG-4 AVC has been instrumental in enabling digital video in numerous areas that H.262/MPEG-2 did not previously encompass. HEVC was created to address all existing H.264/MPEG-4 AVC applications, with a primary concentration on two issues: increased video resolution and increased utilization of parallel processing architectures.