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Characterization Methods for Nanoparticles
Published in C. Anandharamakrishnan, S. Parthasarathi, Food Nanotechnology, 2019
R. Gopirajah, C. Anandharamakrishnan
Laser diffraction, otherwise known as low angle laser light scattering (LALLS) is a nondestructive method and can be used for analyzing wet or dry samples. The geometrical dimensions of a nanoparticle in the range of nm to mm size can be measured quickly. In laser diffraction, particle size distributions are calculated by relating a sample’s scattering pattern with a suitable optical model (Kowalska and Żbikowska, 2013). Laser diffraction reports the volume of material of a given size since the volume of the measured particle is proportional to the light energy reported by the detector system. This method is in contrast with counting-based techniques, reporting the number of particles of a given size. The differences between the number and volume-based size distributions have been discussed by Choi and Morgenroth (2003). Clearly, the distributions reported by LD techniques will not be the same, especially when polydisperse materials are measured. Thus, although there may be good agreement among various counting-based techniques measurements by LD, these will not always agree with the results of either volume or mass-based techniques. Volume-based distributions will always shift to larger particle sizes in comparison with number distributions. It is difficult to measure polydispersed samples with the LD method.
The use of quarry fines for mortar: a proposal of methodological studies
Published in Wang Yuehan, Ge Shirong, Guo Guangli, Mining Science and Technology, 2004
L.Z. D’Agostino, L. Soares, W.T. Hennies, F. Fujimura
This technique (Low Laser Angle Light Scattering – LALLS) is based on the laser ray diffraction, taking in consideration that the diffraction angle is inversely proportional to the size of the particle. It is applied in the fine and ultra fine grain sized particle analysis (Agrawal et al. 1991) and for this will be used the particle analyzer. The results will graphically be presented in grain sized curves and histograms.
Identifying critical parameters in the settling of African kimberlites
Published in Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy Review, 2018
E. T. Boshoff, J. Morkel, N. Naude
Particle size is usually regarded as the most important variable in particle settling, where especially fine particles will cause very slow settling or colloidally stable suspensions. The most colloidally stable and hence most difficult size ranges to settle in slurries are typically below 75 µm (Vietti, 2004). The clay minerals are usually concentrated in this size fraction. Particle size was determined by the low angle laser light scattering (LALLS) analysis that is utilized by the Malvern Mastersizer 2000. The light diffraction of the particle passing through the laser beam is inversely proportional to the particle size.