China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Applications
Published in Mike Tooley, PC Based Instrumentation and Control, 2013
Ruggedized PCs are the obvious choice for use in the harsh environment found in most industrial plants. Industrial PCs usually offer the same range of facilities associated with conventional PCs and compatibles, and invariably support the industry standard bus architecture. Hence an industrial PC will generally accept the same range of expansion cards as mentioned under the previous heading. Alternatively, where additional expansion beyond the limit imposed by the available free slots, industrial PCs may be fitted with bus extenders which are normally based on an external rack assembly.
Quantitative modelling towards trace spectroanalysis of dielectrics by sliding spark plasma
Published in Radiation Effects and Defects in Solids, 2023
Figure 1 consists of four functional elements (i) high voltage spark generator, (ii) measuring gun (spark source), (iii) spectrometer optics with three coupled CCD detectors and (iv) industrial PC with control and measurement electronics. The spark source consists of two tungsten electrodes that rest ∼ Ø4.5 mm apart across the surface of an underlying dielectric matrix sample. Electrodynamically, the sliding spark corresponds to the critical damping of a pure reactive current waveform discharging through a low-impedance load. This enables short-lived direct current arcs, which develop high power per unit volume of the sample matrix in a relatively uniform field, to proceed at a considerably lower static breakdown voltage, aided by the field perturbations induced by the sample surface microstructure (14). In free sparks the discharge is highly non-uniform (10). The plasma demonstrated the potential for quantitative spectrometric analysis of non-conducting solids when emission lines of Sn and Zn were observed uniquely in PVC and fire-retardant polymers that contained chlorine, presumably based on chlorine-enhanced atomisation during sample ablation (7, 8).
Design, modelling, optimisation and validation of condition-based maintenance in IoT enabled hybrid flow shop
Published in International Journal of Computer Integrated Manufacturing, 2022
Badri Narayanan, Muthusamy Sreekumar
Communication protocol is one of the critical factors to be considered in the design and realisation of an IoT-enabled flow shop, which allows the flow shop to collect data from each machine and organise it in a database for further analysis. Communication among machines is achieved through a standard protocol called open platform communication (OPC), as shown in Figure 2. The interaction between various machines and manufacturing execution systems (MES) occurs through Extensible Mark-up Language (XML). XML provides readable formats to both humans and machines. In addition, the industrial control system protocol interfaces the machines with an industrial PC in place of Human Machine Interface (HMI), Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) and Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA).