China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Mobility Support for Wireless PANs, LANs, and MANs
Published in Yan Zhang, Hsiao-Hwa Chen, Mobile Wimax, 2007
Marc Emmelmann, Berthold Rathke, Adam Wolisz
If the handover process is initiated and controlled by the terminal, only local knowledge about the network (i.e., about the neighboring cells) is available. The handover decision may not include information regarding current conditions in the second or third neighboring radio cell. To avoid poor network performance, sometimes an admission control is included in the network, which is able to deny handovers to desired radio cells. Nevertheless, if the handover process is controlled and initiated by the terminal, the handover process becomes quite simple compared to network-controlled handover. There is no need to store the state of all terminals in the network. This is done by each terminal separately. Another advantage is that handover across provider barriers is easier. In this case, the terminal acts as a middleman between providers. It is also possible that multiple streams of a single application can be distributed over multiple radio cells using different technologies.
Project close out and systems improvement
Published in Peter Fewings, Christian Henjewele, Construction Project Management, 2019
Peter Fewings, Christian Henjewele
A good handover is important for assuring client and user satisfaction. Projects are temporary and completion is anticipated from the outset, thus there should be no excuse for not having a handover plan. The handover strategy the project manager prepares at the strategy stage, as part of the project execution plan, is tentative and will continue to develop as the project is implemented. A managed handover process will achieve the following: Confirm that requirements are fully met and the building is accepted by the client.Verify that all installations are safe to use and have gained the necessary certifications and approvals.Assemble ongoing support for the end user in the case of adoption of unfamiliar technologies.Ensure that communication between the project team and the end user will provide continuity between construction and operations, thereby reducing the ‘void period’ (the time between completion and occupation).Agree plans to correct the identified defects and outstanding works.Transfer ownership of the building from the delivery team to the client.
Autonomic Network Management
Published in Hrishikesh Venkatarman, Ramona Trestian, 5G Radio Access Networks: Centralized RAN, Cloud-RAN, and Virtualization of Small Cells, 2017
This work basically provides the ability to implement different optimization problems with subdomains of the system domain. Thus, by handover optimization, we mean dynamic policy-based integrated vertical and horizontal handover optimization, as shown in Figure 9.9. We aim at attaining the following main goals of handover optimization: to (1) minimize the number of handover failures, (2) minimize the number of unnecessary handovers, (3) minimize the absolute number of initiated handovers, (4) minimize handover delay, (5) maximize the total time of the user being connected to the best cell, and (6) minimize the impact of handover on system and service performance.
Vertical handover in heterogeneous networks using WDWWO algorithm with NN
Published in International Journal of Electronics, 2021
M Naresh, D Venkat Reddy, K Ramalinga Reddy
There are three categories in the handover process such as horizontal, vertical and diagonal handovers. It also contains three main phases (Ozhelvaci & Ma, 2018) which are explained below: a] Handover Measurement and Initiation: In the process, Mobile Node (MN) or an Access Point (AP) makes the measurements for time-varying parameters. b] Handover Decision: it compares the measured parameter values with predefined values to decide whether to perform handover or not. c] Handover Execution: newly selected AP or Base Station (BS) gets the control of MN (Vasudeva et al., 2016). The next generation heterogeneous networks demand seamless mobility management to support an interoperability environment. The handover process is established to permit users roaming across different networks to enable ongoing communication activity. Horizontal handover is defined as the connections that take place within the same network, and the VH is defined as the connection switches between different networks (Malathy & Muthuswamy, 2015).
Software-Defined Networking Techniques to Improve Mobile Network Connectivity: Technical Review
Published in IETE Technical Review, 2018
Seamless handover ensures that connectivity used by clients is maintained even though there are changes in the background network status or the physical layer that is transparent to upper layer as well as client. Its major goal is to hide the differences between the normal services that are offered within a domain and during a migration from the application or the end user [12]. However, seamless service is normally failed to be provided due to delay or packet loss during handover [13]. In the following, discussion on multiple systems based on OpenFlow proposed to increase performance of handover process is provided; while Table 2 compares the proposed solutions and the implementation used for testing the solution performance.
Novel type-2 fuzzy logic technique for handover problems in a heterogeneous network
Published in Engineering Optimization, 2018
Mohamed Saeed, Hanan Kamal, Mona El-Ghoneimy
The main type of handover in LTE-A is the hard handover. The main feature of a hard handover is that it reduces the complexity of the LTE-A network architecture. However, a hard handover may result in inefficient LTE-A performance (i.e. increased number of handovers and increased CDR). Therefore, an efficient handover algorithm is required.