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Health, safety, security, and the environment
Published in Andrew Livesey, Motorcycle Engineering, 2021
Before using electrical equipment, you are advised to check the following: Cable condition – check for fraying, cuts, or bare wires.Fuse rating – the fuse rating should be correct for the purpose as recommended by the equipment manufacturer.Earth connection – all power tools must have sound earth connections.Plugs and sockets – do not overload plugs and sockets; ensure that only one plug is used in one socket.Water – do not use any electrical equipment in any wet conditions.PAT testing – it is a requirement of the Electricity at Work Regulations that all portable electrical appliances are tested regularly; they should be marked with approved stickers and the inspection recorded in a log.
Some audio principles
Published in John Watkinson, The Art of Digital Audio, 2013
Under fault conditions an excess of current can flow and the resulting heat can cause fire. Practical equipment must be fused so that excessive current causes the fuse element to melt, cutting off the supply. In many electronic devices the initial current exceeds the steady current because capacitors need to charge. Safe fusing requires the use of slow-blow fuses which have increased thermal mass. The switch-on surge will not blow the fuse, whereas a steady current of the same value will. Slow blow fuses can be identified by the (T) after the rating, e.g. 3.15 A(T). Blown fuses should only be replaced with items of the same type and rating. Fuses do occasionally blow from old age, but any blown fuse should be regarded as indicating a potential problem. Replacing a fuse with one of a higher rating is the height of folly as no protection against fire is available. When dual-voltage 115/230 equipment is set to a different range a different fuse will often be necessary. In some small power supplies the power taken is small and the use of a fuse is not practicable. Instead a thermal switch is built into the transformer. In the case of overheating this will melt. Generally these switches are designed to work once only after which the transformer must be replaced.
Power Line Operations
Published in Gilbert Held, Understanding Broadband over Power Line, 2016
There are two types of service panels used in homes and offices. The first type, which is primarily associated with older homes and offices, is a fused service panel. This type of service panel, which was used in my first residence during the late 1960s, consists of a rectangular box into which is wired an electric line from the outside meter. Each of the circuits in the home is protected through the use of a circular fuse, which blows when too much current flows through it. Once blown, a fuse cannot be fixed; it must be replaced. Thus, homes and offices with fuse panels typically need a supply of fuses readily available as replacements when a fuse blows.
Multiple lift DC–DC boost converter using CLC cell
Published in Australian Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, 2019
Yiyang Li, Swamidoss Sathiakumar, John Long Soon
Figure 15 shows the hardware of the proposed three-lift converter. A fuse is put in the input side to make sure when the current is over 5 A and may cause dangers, the fuse will blow and protect the circuit. Four capacitors in parallel are used for the filter capacitor Cin and three capacitors are used in parallel for the output capacitor Cout for the sake of reliability so that even if one of them fails the other capacitors still function as filters. Since the current goes through each diode and the switch is always high and will cause excessive heat, a heat sink is put on each of them. Each switched inductor in the lift can operate free from saturation and the noise will be very low when the whole circuit starts to run. The size of the whole converter is small, and this can make the converter much portable and this proposed converter will have a large range of utilities in the real application.