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Communication with Fiber Optics
Published in Francis T. S. Yu, Entropy and Information Optics, 2017
In comparison with glass fibers, plastic fibers are flexible, inexpensive, and easy to install and connect. Furthermore, they can withstand greater stress and weigh 50% less than glass fibers. However, they do not transmit light as efficiently. Due to their considerably high losses, they are used only for short-haul communication (such as networks within buildings) and some fiber sensors. Since glass core fibers are much more widely used than plastic ones, subsequent references to fibers are to glass fibers. Glass fibers, although slightly heavier than plastic fibers, are much lighter than copper wires. For example, a 40 km long glass fiber core weighs only 1 kg, whereas a 40 km long copper wire with a 0.32 mm outer diameter weighs about 30 kg. In a fiber-optic communication network, information is transmitted by means of the propagation of electromagnetic waves along the core of the optical fiber. To minimize the transmission loss, the electromagnetic wave must be restricted within the fiber core, and not be allowed to leak into the cladding. As we will see, the refractive index of the core η2 must be greater than that of the cladding η2 if such a requirement is to be met.
Fiber Optics
Published in Lazo M. Manojlović, Fiber-Optic-Based Sensing Systems, 2022
Any fiber-optic communication system consists at least of three basic elements: optical fiber, optical transmitter (source), and optical detector (receiver). Therefore, their limiting parameters will determine the characteristics of any fiber-optic communication system, such as the highest possible data rate, longest possible optical links, and highest possible coverage. Depending on the service, which can be offered based on the given the fiber-optic communication system, we can distinguish different network topologies. Therefore, from the network topology point of view there are three basic categories: point-to-point links, distribution networks, and local-area networks, which will be in the focus of this chapter.
Overview of Fiber Optic Sensors
Published in Shizhuo Yin, Paul B. Ruffin, Francis T. S. Yu, Fiber Optic Sensors, 2017
Over the past 20 years two major product revolutions have taken place due to the growth of the optoelectronics and fiber optic communications industries. The optoelectronics industry has brought about such products as compact disc players, laser printers, bar code scanners, and laser pointers. The fiber optic communications industry has revolutionized the telecommunications industry by providing higher performance, more reliable telecommunication links with ever decreasing bandwidth cost. This revolution is bringing about the benefits of high-volume production to component users and a true information superhighway built of glass.
All-fiber spectral modulating device based on microfiber interferometer grown with tungsten disulfide
Published in Instrumentation Science & Technology, 2020
Meng Luo, Xinghua Yang, Pingping Teng, Depeng Kong, Zhihai Liu, Danheng Gao, Zhanao Li, Xingyue Wen, Libo Yuan, Kang Li, Nigel Copner
The all-optical phase shifter and switches have the advantages of high control precision, low cost and strong robustness compared with traditional electro-modulation and acoustic photoelectric technology,[1–3] so they have received great attention. These devices been widely used in many fields such as integrated wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) systems. However, there is an urgent need for a more compact device that can be directly applied in current fiber systems. In particular, these all-fiber spectral modulating devices based on Brillouin scattering and cross-phase shift modulation may be directly applied in signal processing such as fiber-optic communication, optical sensors and interference devices.[4–9]