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Development of an Affective Satisfaction Model for Smartphones
Published in Stefan Trzcieliński, Waldemar Karwowski, Advances in Ergonomics in Manufacturing, 2012
Hyun K. Kim, Sung H. Han, Jaehyun Park, Joohwan Park
Research on affective satisfaction with smartphones requires two considerable changes to be made in relation to previous research. First, previous research on affective satisfaction related to mobile phones considered only appearance, whereas studies on affective satisfaction in terms of smartphones have to take applications into account. There is no concrete and universal distinction between smartphones and feature phones, but many researchers agree that the major difference is the applications on smartphones. Second, earlier research only focused on determining affect elements or identifying product design features that led to users’ affective satisfaction. Researchers used affect elements of a mobile phone subjectively because no verification procedures had been developed. In current research, the affective elements that compose affective satisfaction need to be verified.
Improved borate fusion technique for determination of rare earth elements in electronic waste components
Published in Environmental Technology, 2023
Martin Makombe, Charlton van der Horst, Vernon Somerset
Line selection was performed for 15 rare earth trace elements using a solution e-waste material digested by the fusion analysis and rare earth ore reference material. The ICP OES spectroscopy has been widely embraced for REE determination, but at the same time, it suffers from interferences. Careful line selection studies have been adopted in this study to meet precision, sensitivity, accuracy, and spectral interferences. The Spectro Arcos instrument is equipped with a plethora of emission lines for each element. However, many of them interfere with matrix effects and inter-element from sample composition. Table 3 has shown that EWCs are also rich in more elements other than REEs, such as Cu, Ti, Ba, which pose a threat to interfere with REEs lines. The elements shown in Table 3 were more predominant in EWCs samples analysed from a list of other 55 elements scanned. The elements Cu, Ba, Fe, Ni, Ti, and Zn, appear in all samples tested. The FP-02 feature phone (non-smartphone) is Cu reach with 44.64% and PC-B1 with 9.36%. Fe is also predominant in smartphone sample (SM-01) with 22.90% and computer printed circuit board (PC-B1) with 15.68%. The composition of other elements recorded in Table 3 were all less than 0.45% but became valuable in studying interferences and selecting the ideal REEs analytical lines.
Design of Mobile Phones for Older Adults: An Empirical Analysis of Design Guidelines and Checklists for Feature Phones and Smartphones
Published in International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction, 2018
Andraž Petrovčič, Sakari Taipale, Ajda Rogelj, Vesna Dolničar
Table 1 summarizes the previous results on the input and output interaction elements of a feature phone from the perspective of the mobile phone UI design for older adults. Buttons are considered to be of extreme importance, with older adults preferring large and raised keypad buttons with clear feedback. The latter can be visual (e.g., highlighting or the visibility of an hourglass while loading), auditory (click), and/or tactile. The buttons should not be too sensitive to avoid accidental pressing, since older adults often find themselves pressing the wrong buttons (Kim et al., 2007). Moreover, sufficient space between buttons, the location of the keypad at the bottom of the interface, so that the typing hand does not hide the screen, and easy-to-understand buttons facilitate mobile use among older adults. Studies also suggest that scroll buttons should be avoided or at least minimized.