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Color Theory and Its Application to Digital Still Cameras
Published in Junichi Nakamura, Image Sensors and Signal Processing for Digital Still Cameras, 2017
The color difference is a typical measure to evaluate color quality against a target color. Although the CIE 1976 L*a*b* color space and the CIE 1976 L*u*v* color space are geometrically different, it is thought that a color difference value of two to three in these color spaces may be a target color difference when the original and the reproduced pictures are observed side by side. Because ΔE*ab and ΔE*uv are calculated by simple formulae, the color differences are not homogenous. For more accuracy, ΔE*94, ΔE*2000, and other formulae are recommended.3,4
Color fundamentals for digital imaging
Published in Sharma Gaurav, Digital Color Imaging Handbook, 2017
The lightness weighting function SLCIE94=1.0, and, in typical imaging applications, the parametric factors kL, kC, and kH are all chosen to be unity. Asymmetric and symmetric versions of the formula have been defined. For the asymmetric formula, the chroma in Equations 1.53 and 1.54 corresponds to the chroma of the standard color, i.e.,Cab*=Cab,s*. Just like the CMC formula, this implies that the distance between two samples is dependent on which one is chosen as the standard and which one as the sample. For the symmetric version of the formula, the chroma for the weighting functions in Equations 1.53 and 1.54 is defined as the geometric mean of the chromas of the sample and standard colors, i.e., Cab*=(Cab,s*Cab,2*) . This ensures that the distance between two samples is independent of which one is chosen as the standard. The color difference obtained using the above scaling functions in Equation 1.47 is referred to as ΔE94* the color difference.
Effect of ultrasound assisted vacuum osmotic dehydration on the mass transfer kinetics and qualities of orange slices
Published in Drying Technology, 2023
Yiwen Huang, Min Zhang, Ronghua Ju, Chung Lim Law, Dongcui Fan, Gennadiy V. Semenov, Zhenjiang Luo
The color of fresh and osmotic treated samples was determined by a colorimeter (CR-400, Konica Minolta Co., Japan). The instrument was calibrated with a standard white plate at D65 illumination before taking measurements (Y = 85.6, x = 0.3162, y = 0.3238). The color value is presented as total color difference (ΔE). ΔE characterizing the overall color change which was calculated according to Eq. (5). where L*, a* and b* are for osmotic dehydrated samples, L0, a0 and b0 are for fresh samples. The L means lightness, a is applied to indicate chroma from green (−) to red (+), and b is applied to indicate chroma from blue (−) to yellow (+). The test was performed on 3 individual samples for each trial. Each sample was tested for three times.
Rocky relationships: the petroglyphs of the Murujuga (Burrup Peninsula and Dampier Archipelago) in Western Australia
Published in Australian Journal of Earth Sciences, 2019
E. R. Ramanaidou, L. C. Fonteneau
The difference between two colours measured spectrally is ΔE, with a ΔE value of zero representing an exact match. It is the standard ‘Commision international de l’éclairage’ (CIE) colour difference method, and measures the distance between the two colours, calculated in 3D L*a*b* colour space. The difference between two colours, ΔE, can be evaluated using the 1976 CIE colour difference formula. In CIE L*a*b* space, the difference is:
Porous zincite prepared by the calcination of colloidal starch applied in the removal of dyes and its use as a hybrid pigment
Published in Particulate Science and Technology, 2022
J. O. Primo, J. D. Trentini, D. C. Peron, S. Jaerger, F. J. Anaissi
The values of ΔE* for HyPiblue (14.07) and HyPired (14.96) indicate that the perception of the color difference is very strong (Quindici 2013). The perception of color difference is based on a scale whose ΔE values range from zero (not perceptible) to 12 (strong perception). Thus, the calculated values of ΔE* confirm that the color of the pigment in the paint is the result of its dispersion in a white matrix. This is a unique characteristic of the pigment/white paint dispersion process.